昆虫多样性监测样本采集方法研究

Research on sampling methods for insect diversity monitoring

为了比较马氏网和地陷阱法收集到的昆虫类群差异,于2023年11月11~18日在云南大理苍山茶园采用马氏网和地陷阱以2 h为一个回收周期收集昆虫,共收集6 d。两种方法采集到昆虫2 990头,隶属10目48科,其中马氏网收集到昆虫10目40科,887头,地陷阱收集到昆虫8目24科,2 103头。两种方法所得昆虫群落差异显著,其中最有差异的是地陷阱法收集到的蚱科、果蝇科和蚁科和马氏网方法所收集到的叶蝉科、瓢虫科等12个科;在12-20点差异显著。优势科也不同,马氏网收集到优势科为蕈蚊科(38.78%)、叶蝉科(10.82%)等具有飞行能力的昆虫,地陷阱采集到的优势科为蚁科(87.40%)等爬行昆虫。鉴于收集方法的原理不同导致收集到的昆虫类群差异,昆虫多样性监测应采用马氏网和地陷阱等多种方法开展研究。

In order to compare the differences in insect communities collected by Malaise trap and pitfall trap method,this study was conducted in Cangshan Tea Garden in Dali,Yunnan Province,from November 11th to 18th,2023.Insects were collected by Malaise trap and pitfall trap with a collection period of 2 hours per cycle,and collected for 6 days.A total of 2,990 insects belonging to 10 orders and 48 families were collected by the two methods,among which 887 insects belonging to 10 orders and 40 families were collected by Malaise traps,and 2,103 insects belonging to 8 orders and 24 families were collected by pitfall traps.There were significant differences in the insect communities collected by the two methods,with the most significant differences observed in the families Acrididae,Drosophilidae,and Formicidae collected by pitfall traps,and the families Cicadellidae and Coccinellidae collected by Malaise traps.There was a significant difference between 12 and 20 o'clock.The dominant families were also different,with Malaise traps collecting dominant families such as Culicidae(38.78%)and Cicadellidae(10.82%),which are insects capable of flight,while pitfall traps collected dominant families such as Formicidae(87.40%)and other crawling insects.Considering the differences in insect communities collected due to the different principles of collection methods,insect diversity monitoring should be conducted by using various methods such as Malaise traps and pitfall traps.