CO_(2)激光与LEEP术治疗适龄期女性宫颈高级别鳞状上皮内病变的临床疗效及妊娠结局

Cervical HSIL patients at childbearing age:clinical efficacy and pregnancy outcome of CO_(2) laser ablation and LEEP

目的比较CO_(2)激光与宫颈环形电切(loop electrosurgical excision procedure,LEEP)术治疗适龄期女性宫颈高级别鳞状上皮内病变的临床疗效及妊娠结局。方法回顾性分析2019年1月至2021年12月在复旦大学附属妇产科医院就诊的适龄期女性(20~34岁)的临床资料。所有患者阴道镜检查转化区(transformation zone,TZ)为1型/2型,阴道镜活检病理诊断为宫颈高级别鳞状上皮内病变(high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion,HSIL),根据医师建议及患者意愿,接受激光或LEEP治疗。评估两种手术的有效性,比较术后细胞学、人乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)结果、阴道镜病理;随访术后妊娠率、妊娠并发症和妊娠结局。结果共纳入566例患者,其中233例接受激光消融治疗(激光组),333例接受LEEP治疗(LEEP组)。两组患者术前细胞学、HPV结果、宫颈管长度的差异无统计学意义。术后6个月,激光组有91.5%的患者细胞学正常,而LEEP组有86.9%的患者细胞学正常。两组的组织学治愈率均为91.5%,HPV转阴率均为74.6%。两组细胞学、HPV结果和阴道镜病理均无显著差异。术后激光组的宫颈管显著长于LEEP组[(29.09±3.15)mm vs(.27.05±3.84)mm,P<0.001]。两组术后妊娠率、妊娠结局差异无统计学意义。结论对于TZ1型或2型、有生育要求的宫颈HSIL患者,CO_(2)激光消融和LEEP两种手术的临床疗效及妊娠结局均无明显差异,但LEEP术后组织标本送检病理可减少浸润癌的漏诊。

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy and pregnancy outcomes of CO_(2) laser and loop electrosurgical excision procedure(LEEP)surgery in the treatment of cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL)in women of childbearing age.Methods Patients with cervical HSIL of appropriate reproductive age(20-34 years old)who underwent satisfied colposcope,subsequently treated with laser or LEEP between Jan 2019 and Dec 2021 in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Fudan University were collected.All the patients were interpreted as transformation zone(TZ)type 1/2,and colposcopy biopsy diagnosed as cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL)and received laser or LEEP according to the physician’s advice and the patient’s wishes.The effectiveness of the two surgeries was evaluated,and postoperative cytology,HPV result,and colposcopic pathology were compared.We monitored the surgical pregnancy rate,pregnancy complications,and pregnancy results after the surgery.Results A total of 566 cases,including 233 laser cases and 333 LEEP cases,were enrolled.There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of preoperative cytology,HPV distribution,or the length of cervical canal.After 6 months of surgery,91.5%of patients who underwent laser therapy and 86.9%of those who underwent LEEP had normal cytology.The histology cure rate was 91.5%and the HPV conversion rate was 74.6%in both groups.The results of cytology,HPV,and colposcopic pathology had no significant difference between the two groups.The length of postoperative cervical canal was significantly longer in laser group than that in LEEP group[(29.09±3.15)mm vs.(27.05±3.84)mm,P<0.001].There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative pregnancy rate and pregnancy outcome between the two groups.Conclusion Laser ablation and LEEP produce comparable effects pregnancy outcomes in cervical HSIL patients with TZ types 1 and 2,while LEEP has pathologic feedback,so its misdiagnosis of invasive cancer reduce.