国外肿瘤遗传护士发展现状及其对我国高级护理实践的启示

The development of oncology genetic nurses abroad and its enlightenment to advanced nursing practice in China

随着遗传学的发展和基因检测技术的进步,肿瘤遗传咨询需求急剧增加。高级实践护士在个性化医疗保健服务中扮演着关键角色,国外肿瘤遗传护士主导的肿瘤遗传咨询服务发展日趋成熟。而我国肿瘤遗传咨询工作起步晚,遗传学/基因组学和护理学的结合处于萌芽阶段,尚缺乏肿瘤遗传护士的相关研究。本文从国外肿瘤遗传护士的资质认证、核心能力、实践内容,肿瘤遗传护士临床实践效果以及对我国高级护理实践的启示等方面进行综述,为构建适合我国国情的肿瘤遗传护士培养发展方案及临床服务模式提供借鉴,满足肿瘤高级护理实践发展的需求及日益增长的精准肿瘤学和优质遗传医疗保健需求。

With the development of genetics and advances in genetic testing technology,the demand for cancer genetic counseling has increased dramatically.Advanced practice nurses play a key role in personalized health care delivery.The oncology genetic nurse-led genetic counseling services in foreign countries are becoming more and more mature,but in China,the work of oncology genetic counseling started late,and the combination of genetics/genomics with nursing is still in its infancy.There is still a lack of relevant research on oncology genetic nurses.This article introduced the qualification certification,core competence and clinical practice content of foreign oncology genetic nurses,and summarized the clinical practice effect of oncology genetic nurses and the enlightenment to China’s advanced nursing practice,which provided references for the construction of oncology genetic nurses training programs and clinical service models suitable for China’s national conditions,so as to meet the needs of the development of advanced nursing practice and the growing demand for precision oncology and high-quality genetic medical care.