古代义齿修复技术研究的回顾与展望

Progresses and perspectives on ancient denture restoration technology

义齿修复技术的出现与发展在人类口腔医学史中具有重要的意义。我国古代义齿修复的信息史料匮乏,相关的实物研究更是十分稀少。相比较而言,国外公布的案例具有周期长、范围广、数量多、信息完备等特点。考虑到国内尚未有学者对世界范围内的古代义齿修复案例作出综合论述,本文对已公布的案例进行区域性的梳理回顾,阐述相关修复器具的制作用途、齿冠或植入物的形态及原料、配套矫治器的材质及构造、相关研究成果及争议等;并结合地中海周边民族的历史背景与相关文献资料,厘清修复技术的起源及区域间可能的传播路线,从具体构造和修复技巧的角度比较不同人群修复器具的异同,探讨地中海区域古代义齿修复技术的内在演化规律及古今演化对照。

The emergence and development of ancient denture restoration technology is of great significance in the history of human stomatology.However,the reports of ancient denture restoration cases in China depend on the lack of historical records,and related physical research is very rare.In comparison,the cases published abroad have the characteristics of a long cycle,wide range,large quantity,complete information and so on.Considering that no domestic scholars have made a comprehensive discussion on the cases of ancient denture restoration in the world,the purpose of this paper is to review the published cases regionally.In this paper,the manufacturing purpose of related prosthetic appliances,the shape and raw materials of crowns or implants,the materials and structures of supporting appliances,related research results and disputes are expounded.Combining the historical background of various ethnic groups around the Mediterranean and related literature,the origin and possible transmission routes of prosthetic technologies between regions are clarified.The similarities and differences of prosthetic appliances among different groups are compared from the perspective of specific structures and prosthetic skills,and the internal evolution law of ancient denture restoration technology in the Mediterranean region and the comparison between ancient and modern evolution are discussed.