主要组织相容性复合体调控帕金森病的免疫反应

Major histocompatibility complex regulates immune responses in Parkinson’s disease

背景:免疫反应与帕金森病的病理发展密切相关。研究表明,主要组织相容性复合体在免疫应答中发挥关键作用。目的:综述主要组织相容性复合体调控免疫反应的机制以及对帕金森病病理标志物α-突触核蛋白的影响。方法:以“Parkinson’s disease,the major histocompatibility complex,innate immunity,adaptive immunity,microglia,T cell,B cell,α-syn,inflammation,MHC-Ⅰ,MHC-Ⅱ,immunotherapy”为检索词在PubMed数据库检索文献,最终纳入92篇文献进行分析。结果与结论:①先天性免疫反应参与帕金森病的发生发展,小胶质细胞的促炎和抗炎表型的变化可能加剧帕金森病退行性变;②T细胞的表型和功能与帕金森病的进展有关,调节性T细胞促进抗炎小胶质细胞活化,抑制Th亚群;B细胞介导的体液免疫可清除病理性α-突触核蛋白,具体机制需要进一步研究;③主要组织相容性复合体与先天性免疫和适应性免疫的发生密切相关,对帕金森病的炎症产生影响;④α-突触核蛋白调控小胶质细胞的激活和主要组织相容性复合体的表达,导致帕金森病的炎症变化;⑤α-突触核蛋白与帕金森病的免疫反应密切相关,成为治疗帕金森病的重要靶点。

BACKGROUND:The immune response is strongly associated with the pathological development of Parkinson’s disease.Studies have shown that the major histocompatibility complex plays a key role in immune response.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the mechanism of major histocompatibility complex regulation of immune response and the effect on the pathological markerα-synuclein of Parkinson’s disease.METHODS:“Parkinson’s disease,the major histocompatibility complex,innate immunity,adaptive immunity,microglia,T cell,B cell,α-syn,inflammation,MHC-I,MHC-II”were used as search terms to search the literature in PubMed database.Finally,92 articles were included for reading analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Congenital immune response is involved in the occurrence and development of Parkinson’s disease,and the change of microglia’s pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory phenotypes may aggravate the degenerative changes of Parkinson’s disease.(2)The phenotype and function of T cells are related to the progression of Parkinson’s disease.Regulatory T cells promote the activation of anti-inflammatory microglia and inhibit Th subgroup.B-cell-mediated humoral immunity can clear pathologicalα-synuclein,and its specific mechanism needs further study.(3)The major histocompatibility complex is closely related to the occurrence of innate and adaptive immunity,and thus affects the inflammation of Parkinson’s disease.(4)α-Synuclein can regulate the activation of microglia and the expression of major histocompatibility complex,which leads to inflammatory changes in Parkinson’s disease.(5)α-Synuclein is closely related to the immune response of Parkinson’s disease and has become an important target for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.