基于压电纤维复合材料半主动干摩擦阻尼器的设计与实验研究

Design and experimental study of semi-active dry friction damper based on macro-fiber composite

针对薄壁结构的振动问题,设计了一种铺设压电纤维复合材料(Macro-Fiber Composite,MFC)的波纹形柔性干摩擦阻尼器。介绍了波纹形半主动干摩擦阻尼器的结构形式和驱动原理。通过准静态试验探究了阻尼器在不同电压序列下输入电压与输出正压力的关系,揭示了MFC驱动变形的迟滞非线性,并据此提出了局部线性化的驱动方案,规避了迟滞非线性给正压力控制带来的挑战。在此基础上,对安装上述阻尼器的悬臂梁结构开展了振动试验。结果表明,在设计工况下该阻尼器的减振效果良好,质量占比仅为5%的阻尼器即可使振动峰值下降79%;该半主动干摩擦阻尼器显著拓宽了有效工作范围,当振动水平为设计工况的9倍时,通过MFC驱动调控正压力,减振比例仍可保持在约75%,避免了阻尼效果的大幅衰减。

A wavy flexible dry friction damper with Macro-Fiber Composite(MFC)was designed for the vi⁃bration suppression of thin-walled structures.The structural form and driving principle of the wavy semi-active friction damper(WSAFD)were presented.Subsequently,quasi-static experiments were conducted to investigate the relationship between input voltage and output normal force of the damper under various voltage sequences,to reveal the hysteresis nonlinearity of MFC-driven deformation.Based on this,a locally linearized driving strategy was proposed to avoid the challenges posed by hysteresis nonlinearity in normal force control.Furthermore,vibra⁃tion experiments were carried out on a cantilever beam with the WSAFD.Results show that under the design con⁃dition,the proposed damper has good damping effect,providing over 79%vibration peak reduction with less than 5%additional mass.The WSAFD significantly broadened the effective working range.When the vibration level was approximately 9 times higher than the design value,MFC-driven adjustment of normal force still provided over 75%vibration reduction,avoiding damping effect attenuation.The WSAFD is effective for both design and non-design working conditions.