信息隐私量表对象、指标和应用的研究与展望

A Review of Research on the Objects,Indicators,and Applications of the Information Privacy Scale

[目的/意义]隐私研究涉及多个学科,隐私量表是隐私研究中的测量工具,然而国内外的相关研究在对隐私量表的理解和测量对象上却存在着分歧和差异。因此,有必要对隐私量表进行梳理,为后续的隐私定量研究提供参考。[方法/过程]运用系统性文献综述,调研国内外隐私量表的研究成果,梳理不同隐私量表的对象和指标,分析不同视角下隐私量表的测量重点。[结果/结论]现有隐私量表主要包括针对用户的隐私量表和针对网络服务商的隐私量表,涉及对用户主观感受的测量和对隐私信息的客观测量,并且由于理解的不同,不同对象的隐私量表中存在指标的交叉。未来的研究可以在量表设计上考虑将认知与行为研究相结合,加强隐私通用量表和专用量表互补,注重指标设计的可操作性和动态测量,并拓展对隐私信息内容风险的测评。

[Purpose/significance]Privacy research involves a number of disciplines,and privacy scales are measurement tools in privacy research,yet there are divergences and differences in the understanding and objects of privacy scales in domestic and international research.Therefore,it is necessary to sort out the privacy scales to provide a reference for the subsequent quantitative research on privacy.[Method/process]Through systematic literature review,we investigate the research results of privacy scales at home and abroad,sort out the objects and indicators of different privacy scales,and analyze the measurement focus of privacy scales from different perspectives.[Result/conclusion]It is found that the existing privacy scales mainly include the privacy scales for users and the privacy scales for Internet service providers,which involve the measurement of users’subjective feelings and the objective measurement of private information.In addition,due to different understandings,there are indicators in the privacy scales for different objects.Future research may consider combining cognitive and behavioral aspects in scale design,enhancing the complementarity of privacy general and special scales,focusing on their operability and dynamic portrayal of indicator design,and expanding the measurement of the risk of privacy information content.