氨冷库充注量优化及安全评估的研究进展

Research Progress on Optimization of Charge and Safety Assessment for Ammonia Cold Storage

为了降低氨冷库充注量、提高冷库安全性,本文从氨制冷系统的充注量和安全管控两个方面进行了分析,发现可以从优化换热器、辅助设备、采用直接膨胀供液方式、低循环倍率的氨泵供液以及间接制冷等方面降低氨充注量,制冷剂的充注量的测量、故障诊断是制冷系统高效稳定运行的有力保障。此外,比较分析了应用于氨制冷系统的多种安全评估方法的优缺点,评估方法选取合理与否会直接影响最终的预测结果。最后,对制约降氨技术推广的因素进行了客观分析,并提出了相应的建议。

In order to study reducing the charging amount of ammonia cold storage and improving the safety of the cold storage,the ammonia refrigeration system is analyzed in terms of ammonia charge and safety control in this paper.Finding that ammonia charge can be reduced by optimization of the heat exchanger,improvement of the auxiliary equipment,use of direct expansion liquid feed method,low flow rate ammonia pump feed,and use of indirect refrigeration system.Refrigerant charge measurement and fault diagnosis is a strong guarantee that the refrigeration system can operate efficiently and stably.In addition to this,the advantages and disadvantages of various methods of safety assessment applied to ammonia refrigeration systems are also compared and discussed in this paper.What is more,the selection of the security assessment method is reasonable or not will directly affect the final prediction results.In the end,the paper concludes with an objective analysis of the factors which constrains the promotion of ammonia reduction technology,and puts forward corresponding suggestions.