主要统计指标解释

Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical Indicators

国内生产总值(GDP)指一个国家所有常住单位在一定时期内生产活动的最终成果。国内生产总值有三种表现形态,即价值形态、收入形态和产品形态。从价值形态看,它是所有常住单位在一定时期内生产的全部货物和服务价值与同期投入的全部非固定资产货物和服务价值的差额,即所有常住单位的增加值之和;从收入形态看,它是所有常住单位在一定时期内创造的各项收入之和,包括劳动者报酬、生产税净额、固定资产折旧和营业盈余;从产品形态看,它是所有常住单位在一定时期内最终使用的货物和服务价值与货物和服务净出口价值之和。在实际核算中,国内生产总值有三种计算方法,即生产法、收入法和支出法。三种方法分别从不同的方面反映国内生产总值及其构成。

Gross Domestic Product(GDP)refer to the final products produced by all resident units in a country during a certain period of time.Gross domestic product is expressed in three different perspectives,namely value,income,and products respectively.GDP in its value perspective refers to the balance of total value of all goods and services produced by all resident units during a certain period of time,minus the total value of input of goods and services of the nature of non-fixed assets;in other words,it is the sum of the value-added of all resident units.GDP from the perspective of income refers to the sum of all kinds of revenue,including compensation of employees,net taxes on production,depreciation of fixed assets,and operating surplus.GDP from the perspective of products refers to the value of all goods and services for final demand by all resident units plus the net exports of goods and services during a given period of time.In the practice of national accounting,gross domestic product is calculated by three approaches,namely production approach,income approach and expenditure approach,which reflect gross domestic product and its composition from different angles.