纵向通风对矿山隧道火灾烟气控制影响的模拟研究

Simulation Study on Effects of Longitudinal Ventilation on Fire Smoke Control in Mine Tunnels

矿山隧道是重要的运输和通行出入口,纵向通风和竖井排烟是矿山隧道火灾常见的防烟方法。在实际工程中,矿山隧道常采用其中一种方法。但是,采用混合两种排烟方式可能效果更好。因此,本文研究了纵向通风和带竖井的自然通风对矿山隧道火灾烟气控制的耦合作用。在考虑不同纵向通风速度(0~4 m/s)和4种典型竖井布置(竖井长度范围5~20 m,竖井间距范围15~60 m)的情况下进行了数值模拟,通过综合考虑烟的扩散和竖井排烟等因素来判断排烟性能,结果表明:当通风速度在1~2 m/s范围内时,对竖井自然通风矿山隧道火灾的防烟效果有积极影响。当通风速度超过2 m/s时,烟气总蔓延长度和危险区域长度增加,烟气分层变差,给救援工作带来不便。研究结果可为矿山隧道防火设计提供参考。

Mine tunnel is an important transportation and traffic entrance.Longitudinal ventilation and shaft smoke exhaust are common smoke control methods in mine tunnel fire.In practical engineering,one of these methods is often used in mine tunnels.However,it may be better to use a mixture of the two methods of smoke extraction.Therefore,the coupling effect of longitudinal ventilation and natural ventilation with shaft on fire smoke control in mine tunnels is studied in this paper.The numerical simulation was carried out considering different longitudinal ventilation speeds(0~4 m/s)and four typical shaft arrangements(shaft length range 5~20 m,shaft spacing range 15~60 m).By comprehensively considering factors such as smoke diffusion and shaft exhaust,the smoke exhaust performance was judged.The results showed that:When the ventilation speed is in the range of 1~2 m/s,it has a positive influence on the smoke control effect of mine tunnel fire with natural ventilation of shaft.When the ventilation speed exceeds 2 m/s,the total spread length of the smoke and the length of the dangerous area increase,and the stratification of the smoke becomes worse,which brings inconvenience to the rescue work.The research results can provide reference for the fire protection design of mine tunnels.