新型农业保险政策激励粮食生产:逻辑、问题与路径

The New Agricultural Insurance Policies Encourage Grain Production:Logic,Problems and Path

新型农业保险政策激励粮食生产是现阶段我国确保粮食安全的重要手段。从制度变迁来看,政府职能从“越位”到“缺位”再到“归位”;从内在逻辑来看,新型农业保险政策激励粮食生产蕴含了深刻的经济逻辑、社会逻辑及制度逻辑;从面临问题来看,新型农业保险政策激励粮食生产还存在政府引导不到位与市场主体运行不规范并存、短期效应较为明显但实现长期目标任务艰巨、三大主粮部分险种有待推进与其他粮食作物保险亟待开发等突出问题。因此,要进一步发挥政府调控作用与市场机制在资源配置中的决定性作用,明确粮食作物保险发展目标及完善支持政策,优化粮食作物保险的供给方式并提升服务能力。

The new agricultural insurance policy to incentivize grain production is an important means to ensure grain security in our country at present.From the perspective of institutional change,government functions have shifted from“offside”to“absence”and then to“return”.From the internal logic perspective,the new agricultural insurance policy to incentivize grain production contains pro⁃found economic,social and institutional logic.From the perspective of the problems faced,the new agricultural insurance policy to in⁃centivize grain production still faces prominent issues such as inadequate government guidance and irregular operation of market entities in incentivizing grain production,obvious short-term effects but difficult tasks to achieve long-term goals,some insurance types of the three main grains to be promoted and other grain crop insurance to be developed urgently.Therefore,it is necessary to further exert the role of government regulation and the decisive role of market mechanism in resource allocation,clarify the development goals of grain crop insurance,improve support policies,optimize the supply mode of grain crop insurance,and enhance the service capacity.