不同采收期老鹰茶叶片中挥发性成分分析

Analysis of Volatile Components of Hawk Tea in Different Months

分析不同采收期老鹰茶叶片中的挥发性成分,为其开发利用提供数据支持。采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油,利用GC-MS技术比较分析2—12月采收的老鹰茶挥发性成分差异,采用归一化法测定其相对含量。老鹰茶挥发油含量为0.02%~0.23%, 4—7月和10—11月采收期挥发油含量较高;在老鹰茶挥发性成分中共鉴定出90个化合物,包括烯类成分29种、醇类成分20种、酮类成分9种、酸类成分8种、醛类成分7种、脂类成分5种、酚类成分4种、烷类成分2种、其他类成分6种;相对含量大于0.1%的主要成分为1, 8-桉叶素、石竹烯、柠檬醛和榄香醇,且4—5月和10—11月采收期主要成分的总含量显著高于其他月份。不同采收期老鹰茶叶片挥发性成分差异和含量差异表明,除传统的4—6月外, 10—11月也是老鹰茶较佳的采收时间。

To analyze the chemical components of essential oils in leaves of hawk tea from different harvesting periods,and to lay a foundation for its development and utilization,the essential oils were extracted by steam distillation,and the chemical composition of essential oils from leaves of hawk tea from February to December was analyzed by GC-MS.The relative content was determined by normalization method.The volatile oil content of hawk tea was 0.02%-0.23%,and the volatile oil content was higher from April to July and from October to November.A total of 90 compounds were identified in the volatile components of hawk tea,including 29 olefinic compounds,20 alcohols,9 ketones,8 acids,7 aldehydes,5 lipids,4 phenols,2 alkanes,and 6 other compounds.The main components with relative content greater than 0.1%had little difference in quantity.The volatile components of the leaves were mainly 1,8-cineole,caryophyllene,citral,and linalool.Their total content was significantly higher in April to May and October to November than in other months,and the changes in other months were relatively small.The differences in the content and composition of volatile components in hawk tea in different months indicate that the best harvesting period for hawk tea is not only the traditional April to June,but also October to November.