作物光合效率对逆境适应及提高途径研究进展

Research progress of crop photosynthetic efficiency adaptation to adversity and improving ways

光合作用作为主要驱动力维持着地球植物的生长。虽然我们在调控光合作用的生理生化及分子调控机制研究中取得了一些进展,但我们对复杂多变的自然环境下光合作用调控机理的认知仍然有限,因此光合作用在作物中改善程度较低,甚至可能远未达到其生物极限。本文详细概述了限制光合效率的非生物胁迫因素(高温、盐碱和干旱),讨论了提高作物光合效率的途径,并展望光合作用改善的未来前景,以期为作物光合改良新目标的确立以及光合作用在提高作物产量方面的发展提供系统全面的参考。

Photosynthesis is the main driving force that sustains the growth of plants on Earth.We have made some progress in the study of physiological,biochemical and molecular regulation mechanism of photosynthesis.However,our understanding of the regulation mechanism of photosynthesis in the complex and changeable natural environment is still limited,so the improvement of photosynthesis in crops is low,and may even be far from its biological limit.In this paper,we summarized the abiotic stress factors(high temperature,salinity and drought)that limit photosynthetic efficiency,then discussed the ways to improve crop photosynthetic efficiency,and looked forward to the future prospects of photosynthesis improvement,in order to provide a systematic and comprehensive reference for the establishment of new targets for crop photosynthetic improvement and the development of photosynthesis in improving crop yield.