中性粒细胞胞外陷阱:改善肿瘤免疫治疗的新抓手

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps:A New Breakthrough in Improving Tumor Immunotherapy

中性粒细胞胞外陷阱(neutrophil extracellular traps,NETs)是中性粒细胞活化后释放至胞外,由染色质和多种蛋白成分组成的细胞外网状结构,参与肿瘤细胞的局部增殖和转移。近期研究发现,NETs可抑制NK细胞和T细胞瘤内浸润,并减少其IFN-γ等细胞因子的分泌,从而抑制机体的抗肿瘤免疫。此外,NETs可诱导CD4+T细胞向Tregs和Th17细胞分化,进而影响抗肿瘤免疫。同时,靶向NETs也被证实可改善肿瘤免疫治疗的疗效。以上研究表明,NETs可损伤抗肿瘤免疫,促进肿瘤进展。因此探讨两者之间的相关性,有利于发现新的靶点或提出新的治疗策略,协同提高肿瘤免疫治疗的效果。本文将重点关注NETs在肿瘤免疫中的作用,探讨靶向NETs提高免疫治疗疗效的可能性。

Neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs),released by activated neutrophils,are web-like structures composed of chromatin and multiple protein components and are involved in local proliferation and metastasis of tumor.Recent studies have been finding that NETs can inhibit the intra-tumoral infiltration of NK and T cells and reduce the secretion of cytokines such as IFN-γ,thereby suppressing the anti-tumor immunity of the body.In addition,NETs can induce CD4+T cells to differentiate into Tregs and Th17 cells,further affecting antitumor immunity.Meanwhile,targeting NETs has also been proven to improve the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.NETs,thus,can promote tumor progression through impairing anti-tumor immunity.Therefore,exploring the correlation between NETs and anti-tumor immunity contributes to finding new targets or therapeutic strategies,synergistically enhancing the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.This review focuses on the role of NETs in tumor immunity and discusses the possibility of improving the efficacy of immunotherapy through targeting NETs.