王士性《五岳游草》评语考述

An Examination of the Commentary of Wang Shixing's Wu Yue You Cao

明代地理学家王士性晚年编定历年所撰游记和纪游诗作,汇辑为《五岳游草》一书。在后世通行的康熙重刻本中附有大量评语,却并未交代其来历,以致现代研究者均将其弃置不顾,在追溯此书流传始末时也避而不谈。根据明刻本的卷首题名,并联系相关内证,可以判定这批评语都出自王士性好友屠隆之手。屠隆与王士性交谊深厚,对其游踪及创作相当熟悉,此前已经陆续品评过王氏部分诗文乃至若干别集,所以在《五岳游草》编竣之后才会受此重托。钩稽相关评语,并参酌其他文献,有助于考察《五岳游草》编次的原貌,探究《五岳游草》纂辑的旨趣,推求王士性诗文创作的宗尚,并寻绎屠隆文学观念的递嬗。

In his later years,the geographer Wang Shixing of the Ming Dynasty compiled his travelogues and poems written in past many years into the book Wu Yue You Cao.The reprinted version of the Qing Dynasty in the Kangxi period,which is commonly used in later generations,contains plenty of commentary,but its source is not explained.The modern researchers ignored it or avoid talking about it when they traced the circulation of the book.Based on the newly discovered Ming Dynasty version and some relevant evidence,it can be concluded that these commentaries were all written by Tu Long,a close friend of Wang Shixing.Had been in a deep friendship with Wang Shixing,Tu Long knew well about Wang's travelling and writing.Before that,he had reviewed some of Wang's works and collections,so he was entrusted with the reviewing responsibility when the compilation of Wu Yue You Cao was complicated.These commentaries and other literature reference provide information and approaches when we examine the original appearance of Wu Yue You Cao,the compilatory purpose of the book,the characteristics of Wang's poetry and prose,and the development of Tu Long's literary ideas.