进口溢出、供应链稳定与企业出口扩张

Import Spillovers,Supply Chain Stability,and the Expansion of Firm Exports

除了直接从国外市场进口,企业也可以通过成为进口企业的客户而间接参与全球化分工,然而这一现象较少受到关注。本文基于2008—2016年中国上市企业的供应商—客户数据,研究了供应商进口促进下游客户企业出口扩张的供应链溢出效应。研究结果表明:供应商的进口可以显著促进下游客户企业出口,供应链关系的稳定程度可以正向调节这一影响;技术和经验的溢出是进口溢出的内在机制;当供应商的进口产品属于客户企业所处行业时,进口溢出效应更为明显;制造业企业、中小企业和数字化水平较高的企业更多享受到了供应商进口的供应链溢出效应。本文研究证实了国内生产关联在以进口推动出口中的重要作用,为中国以主动扩大进口助力国内国际双循环提供了新的启示。

Firms can engage in the global division of labor not only by directly impor-ting from foreign markets but also by becoming customers of importing firms,yet this phe-nomenon has received relatively less attention.Based on the data of supplier-customer of Chinese listed companies spanning from 2008 to 2016,this paper explores the supply chain spillover effects of suppliers'imports on the export expansion of downstream customer firms.We reveal that suppliers'imports significantly boost the exports of downstream cus-tomer firms,with the stability of supply chain relationships serving as a positive moderator for this effect.Technology and experience spillovers constitute the intrinsic mechanisms of import spillovers.The import spillover effect is more pronounced when the suppliers'im-ported products align with the industry of the customer firm.Manufacturing firms,small and medium-sized firms,and firms with higher levels of digitization benefit more from the supply chain spillover effects of suppliers'imports.This study underscores the crucial role of domestic production linkages in promoting exports through imports,offering new insights for China on enhancing domestic and international dual circulation through active import expansion.