信息化健康管理对慢性病高风险人群控油限盐及血压干预效果评价

Evaluation of the intervention effect of information-based health management on oil and salt control and blood pressure management in population with high risk of non-communicable diseases

目的 评估基于信息化平台的健康管理对重庆市慢性病高风险人群控油限盐知识、态度、行为及血压的干预效果,为慢性病高风险人群健康管理工作提供借鉴。方法 于2021年11—12月,在重庆市4个区筛选符合要求的慢性病高风险人群,分别纳入干预组(1 188人)和对照组(1 055人),干预组接受1年的信息化健康管理,对照组仅接受社区日常的健康管理,评估健康管理1年后干预组与对照组控油限盐知识、态度、行为及其血压的变化。采用SPSS 26.0进行χ^(2)检验,采用倍差法拟合logistic回归模型进行干预净效应分析。结果 干预组与对照组分别有1 135和900名慢性病高风险研究对象接受干预并完成评估。倍差法分析结果显示,基于信息化平台的健康管理提高了慢性病高风险人群对于成人每日食用油推荐摄入量和食盐推荐摄入量的知晓率(OR值分别为2.10和2.61),增加了打算减盐者、主动减盐者及正常血压者的比例(OR值分别为1.55、2.19和2.67),同时降低了血压高值者的比例(OR=0.44),均有统计学意义(P<0.01),而认为有必要控油者及主动控油者的比例在干预前后的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 基于信息化平台的健康管理可提高慢性病高风险人群对油盐摄入量的知晓率,促进减盐行为,改善血压状况,值得推广应用。

Objective To evaluate the intervention effect of health management based on an information platform on the knowledge,attitude,and practice towards controlling oil and salt,as well as blood pressure among population with high risk of noncommunicable diseases in Chongqing,and provide the experience for health management targeting such high risk population.Methods From November to December 2021,the residents with high risk of non-communicable diseases meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria in four districts of Chongqing were screened as the subjects,which were divided into intervention group(1188 cases)and control group(1055 cases),respectively.The intervention group received the information-based health management for one year,while the control group only received daily community health management.After one year of health management,the changes of the knowledge,attitude and practice towards controlling oil and salt,and blood pressure in the intervention group and the control group were evaluated.Theχ^(2) test was used to analyze the data,the net intervention effect was analyzed by difference-in-difference logistic regression model.The used software was SPSS 26.0.Results The intervention group(1135 cases)and the control group(900 cases)with high risk of non-communicable diseases received the intervention and completed the evaluation.The results of the differences-in-differences analysis showed that the health management based on an information platform improved the awareness rates of recommended daily intake of edible oil and salt among residents with high risk of non-communicable diseases(OR values were 2.10 and 2.61,respectively);and increased the proportions of subjects intending to reduce the salt intake,actively reducing salt intake,and having normal blood pressure(OR values were 1.55,2.19 and 2.67,respectively),while reducing the proportion of subjects with high blood pressure(OR=0.44),P<0.01.But there were no significant differences in the proportions of those who considered it necessary to control oil and actively to control oil before and after intervention(P>0.05).Conclusion The information-based health management can improve the awareness rate of oil and salt intake among residents with high risk of non-communicable diseases,promote salt reduction behaviors,and improve blood pressure status,which is worth popularizing and applying.