广州中老年人婚姻状况与抑郁症状的相关性及性别差异研究

Study on the correlation and gender difference between marital status and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older people of Guangzhou

目的探讨广州中老年人婚姻状况与抑郁症状的相关性及其性别差异,为防控中老年抑郁症状提供依据。方法数据来源于“广州生物库队列研究”(GBCS),选取GBCS第3期基线招募的9714名≥50岁广州居民为研究对象,问卷收集一般人口特征、社会经济状况、生活方式、自评健康和抑郁症状等。采用SPSS 25.0软件进行χ^(2)检验、多因素logistic回归分析。结果研究对象中有抑郁症状者1406名,患病率为14.5%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,与已婚组相比,单身组(OR=1.31,95%CI:1.12~1.53)患抑郁症状的风险增加31%,主要表现在分居或离异组(OR=1.81,95%CI:1.21~2.72)和丧偶组(OR=1.26,95%CI:1.07~1.49)。性别和婚姻状况对抑郁症状的影响存在交互作用[交互项(婚姻状况×性别)的OR=1.61(95%CI:1.06~2.47),P<0.05]。按性别分层后,仅在男性中发现婚姻状况与抑郁症状相关,与男性已婚组相比,男性单身组(OR=2.46,95%CI:1.65~3.66)患抑郁症状的风险增加146%,其中分居或离异组(OR=5.63,95%CI:2.17~14.64)和丧偶组(OR=2.03,95%CI:1.28~3.23)分别增加463%和103%。结论婚姻状况与抑郁症状有关,广州中老年分居或离异或丧偶的单身男性患抑郁症状的风险增加,有必要对该人群加以重点关注,采取适当的干预措施。

Objective To explore the correlation and gender difference between marital status and depressive symptoms in middleaged and older people of Guangzhou,and provide the basis for the prevention and control of depressive symptoms in the middleaged and older people.Methods Data were from"the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study"(GBCS),9714(≥50 years old)Guangzhou residents recruited by GBCS phase 3 at baseline were selected as the subjects.The investigation was performed with questionnaire(collecting the general demographic characteristics,socioeconomic status,lifestyle,self-rated health and depressive symptoms).Theχ^(2) test and multivariate logistic regression model were used to analyzed the data,the used software was SPSS 25.0.Results There were 1406 cases with depressive symptoms among 9714 subjects,the morbidity was 14.5%.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that as compared with the married group,the risk of depressive symptoms in the single group(OR=1.31,95%CI:1.12-1.53)increased by 31%,mainly in the separated or divorced group(OR=1.81,95%CI:1.21-2.72)and the widowed group(OR=1.26,95%CI:1.07-1.49).There was an interactive effect of gender and marital status on depressive symptoms,the OR value for interaction item(marital status×gender)was 1.61(95%CI:1.06-2.47),P<0.05.After stratification by gender,marital status was found to be associated with depressive symptoms only among males,as compared with married male group,the risk of depressive symptoms increased by 146%in single males(OR=2.46,95%CI:1.65-3.66),particularly in the separated or divorced group(OR=5.63,95%CI:2.17-14.64)and the widowed group(OR=2.03,95%CI:1.28-3.23)the risk increasing by 463%and 103%,respectively.Conclusion Marital status is associated with depressive symptoms.The increased risk of depressive symptoms in the middle-aged and older people in Guangzhou is particularly prominent in single males(separated or divorced or widowed).It is necessary to pay special attention to the group and take the appropriate intervention measures.