工业智能化如何影响居民消费?

How Does Industrial Intelligence Affect Residents’Consumption?

以人工智能为代表的新兴技术正在引领新一轮的科技革命和产业变革,大国争相推动工业智能化的发展,这将为经济和社会带来广泛而深远的影响。与现有文献关注劳动市场和企业行为不同,文章利用微观调查数据从消费端分析工业智能化对居民消费水平的影响。研究表明,工业机器人的应用会显著扩大居民的消费支出。高技能、正规就业以及从事专业技术工作的劳动力家庭消费支出受到的正向影响相对更大。此外,工业机器人应用程度的加深会使居民的发展型消费和享乐型消费支出增加更多,从而优化消费结构。更进一步地,文章从居民的就业、工资收入情况以及商品生产角度展开,分析发现工业机器人的应用总体上能够为居民提供更多就业岗位和更高水平的工资收入,并且促使企业提高商品质量,从而有利于居民消费水平的提升。研究结论对促进机器人发展和应用生态的培育,进一步释放居民消费潜力具有重要意义。

Emerging technologies represented by artificial intelligence are leading a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation,and major countries are vying to promote the development of industrial intelligence,which will have a wide and profound impact on the economy and society.Unlike existing literature that focuses on the labor market and firm behavior,we use micro survey data to analyze the impact of industrial intelligence on residents’consumption levels from the consumer side.The results indicate that the application of industrial robots will expand residents’consumption expenditures.The positive impact on household consumption expenditure of labor force with high skills,formal employment,and professional and technical work is relatively greater.In addition,the deepening of the application of industrial robots will increase residents’development oriented and hedonic consumption expenditures,thereby optimizing the consumption structure.Finally,we conduct further analysis from the perspectives of residents’employment,wage,and firms’commodity production.It is found that the application of industrial robots can generally provide more jobs and higher levels of wages for residents,and promote firms to improve the quality of goods,thereby promoting the improvement of residents’consumption levels.This paper is of great significance for strengthening the development and application ecology of robots,and further release the consumption potential of residents.