脂肪间充质干细胞来源的外泌体对明胶海绵吸收和肌层组织损伤修复的影响

Effects of exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells on gelatin sponge absorption and muscle tissue repair

目的探讨脂肪间充质干细胞来源的外泌体(ADSCs-exos)对明胶海绵吸收和肌层组织损伤修复的影响。方法利用54只雄性Wistar大鼠建立肌层损伤模型,按照随机数字表法分为外泌体组、生理盐水组和空白对照组,每组18只。外泌体组将浸泡过外泌体提取液的可吸收性明胶海绵块植入大鼠背部伤口,生理盐水组将浸泡过生理盐水的可吸收性明胶海绵块植入大鼠背部伤口内,空白对照组仅模拟进行手术操作。分别在术后第3、14、35天处死实验大鼠,进行组织学和免疫组织化学水平的观察,并使用Image J软件对实验数据进行分析。结果HE染色显示,外泌体组与其他2组比较,胶原纤维的排列更加规则,新生血管数量更多,中性粒细胞及巨噬细胞等炎症细胞的浸润更少;Masson染色显示,外泌体组明胶海绵残余更少,胶原生成数量更多,排列更规则,Image J分析显示外泌体组与生理盐水组胶原容积分数差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);免疫组化显示外泌体组CD31表达高于其他2组,其中术后第14天表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);外泌体组TNF-α表达明显低于生理盐水组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论ADSCs-exos通过促进局部血管、胶原生成,降低炎症因子表达和炎症细胞集聚,促进明胶海绵的吸收和组织损伤修复。

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of exosomes from adipose-derived stem cell(ADSCs-exos)on the absorption of gelatin sponge and the repair of muscle tissue injury.MethodsMuscle injury model was established in 54 rats,which were then randomly divided into 3 groups,with 18 in each.In the exosome(EXO)group,absorbable gelatin sponge soaked in exosome extract was implanted into the back wound of rats;in the saline(NS)group,absorbable gelatin sponge soaked in 0.9%normal saline was implanted into the back wound of rats;in the blank control group,only the operation was performed.After surgery,the experimental rats were sacrificed on day 3,14,and 35,respectively.The samples were observed on histological and immunohistochemical levels,and the experimental data were analyzed using Image J software.ResultsHE staining results showed that compared with the other two groups,EXO group had more regular arrangement of collagen fibers,more neovascularization,and less infiltration of inflammatory cells such as neutrophils and macrophages.Masson staining showed that there was less residual gelatin sponge in EXO group,more collagen generation,and more regular arrangement.Image J analysis showed that there were significant differences in collagen volume fraction between EXO group and NS group(P<0.05).Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of CD31 in EXO group was higher than that in the other two groups,and the difference were statistically significant on the 14th day(P<0.05).The expression of TNF-αin EXO group was significantly lower than that in NS group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).ConclusionADSCs-exos can promote the absorption of gelatin sponge and tissue repair by promoting local blood vessels and collagen production,reducing the expressions of inflammatory factors and aggregation of inflammatory cells.