负载型Ziegler-Natta催化剂的研究进展——MgCl_(2)载体的活化及其对烯烃聚合的影响

Research Progress on Supported Ziegler-Natta Catalysts-Activation of MgCl_(2)Support and Its Influences on Olefin Polymerizations

以MgCl_(2)作为载体的负载型Ziegler-Natta催化剂是聚烯烃(特别是聚乙烯、聚丙烯)生产的重要催化剂,Ziegler-Natta催化剂的载体——活化MgCl_(2)的结构和形态影响了催化剂活性位点的空间分布及电子效应,进而决定了催化剂的催化特性(催化活性及立构选择性)。本文综述了负载型Ziegler-Natta催化剂中MgCl_(2)载体的不同活化方法对载体前驱体的形貌、结构、组成及制备的Ziegler-Natta预催化剂的颗粒形貌、结构、组成及催化烯烃聚合特性等的影响,结合不同方法制备的催化剂的工业应用,展望未来高性能聚烯烃催化剂的设计方向。

The supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst utilizing MgCl_(2)as carrier holds paramount significance in the synthesis of polyolefins,notably polyethylene and polypropylene.The inherent characteristics of the carrier of Ziegler-Natta catalyst-activated MgCl_(2),such as particle structure and morphology,play an important role in regulating the spatial distribution and electronic effects of active species,which then determine the catalytic features of the final Ziegler-Natta catalyst(such as catalytic activity and stereoselectivity).This article provides a comprehensive review on the influences of activation methods of MgCl_(2)carrier on the morphology,structure,and composition of the carrier precursors and the prepared Ziegler-Natta pre-catalysts,and the olefin catalytic properties of the pre-catalysts.Based on the industrial applications of the various pre-catalysts,the high-performance polyolefin catalysts in the future are prospected.