2014—2023年湖州市肺结核流行特征

Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Huzhou City from 2014 to 2023

目的分析2014—2023年浙江省湖州市肺结核流行特征,为“无结核城市”建设制定防控措施提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病报告管理系统收集2014—2023年湖州市肺结核病例资料,描述性分析病例的时间、地区和人群分布特征。结果2014—2023年湖州市累计报告肺结核11598例,年均报告发病率为37.42/10万。报告发病率从2014年的47.50/10万下降至2023年的28.36/10万(P<0.05),年递降率为5.57%。病原学阳性病例6304例,占54.35%。3—9月为肺结核报告发病旺季,其中5月季节比率最大,为112.48%。安吉县和长兴县年均报告发病率较高,分别为46.14/10万和41.15/10万。湖州市肺结核报告发病率随年龄增长呈上升趋势(P<0.05);75~<80岁报告发病率最高,为97.36/10万。男性肺结核7991例,女性3607例,男女性别比2.22∶1;男性肺结核年均报告发病率为50.39/10万,高于女性的23.87/10万(P<0.05)。职业以农民为主,6350例占54.75%。结论2014—2023年湖州市肺结核报告发病率呈下降趋势,春夏季为高发季节,安吉县和长兴县年均报告发病率高于湖州市平均水平,是防控重点地区。男性、老年人和农民是肺结核防控的重点人群。

Objective To investigate the epidemilogical characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Huzhou City,Zheji⁃ang Province from 2014 to 2023,so as to provide the basis for formulating prevention and control measures for the con⁃struction of"TB-free city".Methods The data of pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Huzhou City from 2014 to 2023 was collected through the Infectious Disease Reporting Management System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Infor⁃mation System.The onset time,region,and population distribution characteristics of the cases were described.Results A total of 11598 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were reported in Huzhou City from 2014 to 2023,with an average annual incidence of 37.42/105.The reported incidence decreased from 47.50/105 in 2014 to 28.36/105 in 2023(P<0.05),with an annual decline rate of 5.57%.There were 6304 etiological positive cases,accounting for 54.35%.The peak season for pulmonary tuberculosis cases was from March to September,with the highest seasonal ratio of 112.48%in May.The average annual reported incidence rates in Anji County and Changxing County were relatively high(46.14/105 and 41.15/105).The reported incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in Huzhou City increased with age(P<0.05),peak⁃ing at 97.36/105 in the group aged 75 to<80 years.There were 7991 male pulmonary tuberculosis cases and 3607 female cases,with a male-to-female ratio of 2.22∶1.The average annual incidence rates of pulmonary tuberculosis was higher in males than in females(50.39/105 vs.23.87/105).Farmers were the primary occupation affected,with 6350 cases accounting for 54.75%.Conclusions The reported incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in Huzhou City decreased from 2014 to 2023,with a high incidence in spring and summer.The incidence rates in Anji County and Changxing County were higher than Huzhou City's average.Male,elderly residents and farmers were the key popula⁃tions for pulmonary tuberculosis prevention and control.