硕士研究生情绪智力的影响因素分析

Factors affecting emotional intelligence among postgraduates

目的了解硕士研究生情绪智力情况及影响因素,为促进硕士研究生心理健康发展提供依据。方法于2023年11—12月,采用分层随机整群抽样方法抽取贵州省有硕士学位点的高等院校硕士研究生为调查对象,通过问卷收集性别、院校、专业分类和家庭月收入等资料;采用中文版压力知觉量表评估压力知觉,采用情绪智力量表中文版评估情绪智力;采用多重线性回归模型分析硕士研究生情绪智力的影响因素。结果回收有效问卷728份,问卷有效率为94.42%。调查男生262人,占35.99%;女生466人,占64.01%。情绪智力得分为(77.98±15.71)分,其中情绪评估维度得分为(20.57±4.50)分,情绪调节维度得分为(18.63±5.22)分,情绪运用维度得分为(18.90±4.87)分,情绪识别维度得分为(19.89±4.73)分。多重线性回归分析结果显示,专业分类(经管法专业,β'=0.108)、家庭月收入(3000~5000元,β'=0.091;>5000元,β'=0.086)和压力知觉(β'=-0.515)是硕士研究生情绪智力的影响因素。结论硕士研究生情绪智力与专业分类、家庭月收入和压力知觉有关。

Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of emotional intelligence among postgradu⁃ates,so as to provide the evidence for promoting the mental health of postgraduates.Methods The postgraduates from higher education institutions in Guizhou Province were selected using stratified cluster sampling method from November to December 2023.Demographic information such as gender,college,professional discipline and monthly family income were collected using questionnaire surveys.Stress perception was investigated using the Chinese version of the Stress Perception Scale.Emotional intelligence was investigated using the Chinese version of the Emotional Intelligence Scale.The influencing factors for emotional intelligence were analyzed using a multiple linear regression model.Results Total⁃ly 728 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 94.42%.There were 262 males(35.99%)and 466 females(64.01%).The mean score of emotional intelligence was(77.98±15.71)points,the mean score of emo⁃tional assessment was(20.57±4.50)points,the mean score of emotional regulation was(18.63±5.22)points,the mean score of emotional using was(18.90±4.87)points,and the mean score of emotional recognition was(19.89±4.73)points.Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that professional discipline(economics and law,β'=0.108),monthly family in⁃come(3000-5000 yuan,β'=0.091;>5000 yuan,β'=0.086)and stress perception(β'=-0.515)were associated with emotional intelligence among postgraduates.Conclusion The emotional intelligence among postgraduates was influenced by professional discipline,monthly family income and stress perception.