聚氨酯多孔弹性路面的降噪原理及其研究进展综述

Review on the Noise Reduction Principle and Research Progress of Porous Elastic Road Surface

为了有效减轻路面噪声带来的危害,并推动聚氨酯多孔弹性路面在实际工程中的应用,对其降噪原理及研究进展进行了综述。首先,阐述了路面噪声的产生及增强机理,明确了聚氨酯多孔弹性路面的降噪原理。聚氨酯多孔弹性路面凭借其优异的阻尼特性和高效的吸声减振能力,展现出显著的降噪效果。其次,分析了影响聚氨酯多孔弹性路面降噪效果的多种因素,其中橡胶颗粒的粒径和掺量、聚氨酯用量以及混合料的空隙率及空隙尺寸是影响其综合性能的3个关键因素。结果表明,适当增加橡胶颗粒的粒径和掺量、聚氨酯用量,以及增大空隙率和减小空隙尺寸可有效提升混合料的降噪效果。接着,对现有的路面噪声测试方法进行了归纳,为未来研发更加符合交通实际情况的噪声测试方法提供了理论支撑。最后,总结了聚氨酯多孔弹性路面的实际工程应用研究。目前,我国的研究主要集中在理论和试验方面,缺乏实际工程中的应用研究,因此尽快将聚氨酯多孔弹性路面应用于实际道路上尤为重要。

In order to effectively reduce the damage caused by road noise and promote the application of polyurethane porous elastic road surface(PERS) in practical engineering,the noise reduction principle and research progress were summarized.Firstly,the generation and enhancement mechanism of road noise were explained,and the noise reduction principle of PERS was clarified.Polyurethane porous elastic pavement exhibits significant noise reduction effects because of its excellent damping characteristics and efficient sound absorption and vibration reduction capa-bilities.Secondly,various factors affecting the noise reduction effect of PERS were analyzed,among which the particle size,dosage of rubber particles,the amount of polyurethane,the porosity and pore size of the mixture were the three key factors affecting its comprehensive performance.The results indicate that increasing the particle size and dosage of rubber particles,the amount of polyurethane,as well as increasing the porosity and reducing the pore size,can effectively improve the noise reduction effect of the mixture.Furthermore,the existing road noise testing methods were summarized to provide theoretical support for the future development of noise testing methods that are more in line with actual traffic conditions.Finally,the practical engineering application research of PERS was summarized.At present,research mainly focuses on theory and experimentation in China,lacking application research in practical engineering.Therefore,it is particularly important to apply PERS to actual roads as soon as possible.