基于多种物探方法的公路下伏采空区病害识别与分析

Disease Identification and Analysis of Goaf Area Under Highway by Various Geophysical Methods

广西巴马—凭祥高速公路途经众多矿区,煤矿开采后形成的采空区会导致道路出现裂缝或塌陷,因此精准探测采空区的位置是保证施工安全与行车安全的前提。采用地质雷达法、高密度电法和地震波散射法对某疑似采空区进行了综合探测,并采用钻孔法对物探异常点进行验证,以此比较3种物探方法的全面性与可靠性。研究结果显示测区内共发现4处物探异常点,但经钻孔法验证后发现只有3处病害,其中1处钻孔未发现病害,这可能是物探结果出现误差,也可能是“一孔之见”造成的不准确;单一的物探方法会造成探测缺陷,应综合使用地质雷达法、高密度电法和地震波散射法进行探测分析,并采用钻孔法验证探测结果的准确性;根据钻探结果,在该研究选择的特定仪器参数前提下,高密度电法与地震波散射法的探测准确性高于地质雷达法,可为后续相似工程的物探研究提供指导。

The Bama-Pingxiang Expressway in Guangxi passes through numerous mining areas,and the goaf formed after coal mining cause cracks or collapses in the road.Therefore,accurate detection of the location of the goaf is a prerequisite for ensuring construction safety and driving safety.A comprehensive detection of a suspected goaf was carried out by geological radar method,high-density electrical method and seismic wave scattering method,and geophysical anomaly points were verified by drilling method.The comprehensiveness and reliability of the three geo-physical methods were compared.The research results found that 4 geophysical anomalies were discovered in the survey area,but only 3 defects after verification by drilling method.Among them,no defects were found in 1 borehole,which may be caused by errors in geophysical results or inaccuracies caused by “one hole observation”;A single geophysical method can cause detection defects.Therefore,detection and analysis should be comprehensively made by geological radar method,high-density electrical method,and seismic wave scattering method.The accuracy of the detection results should be verified by drilling method;According to the drilling results,under the specific instrument parameters selected in this study,the detection accuracy of high-density electrical method and seismic wave scattering method is higher than that of geological radar method,which can provide guidance for subsequent geophysical research of similar projects.