《禅源诸诠集都序》中宗密“知即是心”思想探析

On Zongmi’s Thought of“To know is to be the mind”in Preface to the Collection of Chan Sources

“心性”一直是佛教哲学中讨论的核心议题,对心性的认识被认为是解决众生身心问题、达到解脱的门径。《禅源诸诠集都序》中,宗密在对佛教各宗派判教的同时探讨心性问题,并提出了“知即是心”的命题,在区分心、知、智的基础上,进一步以“知”界定“心”阐释万法源流问题。宗密在《禅源诸诠集都序》中不仅初探圆融华严、菏泽思想的可能性,还以“知即是心”的心性禅思为日后禅教合一融汇发展奠定了理论前提,并且宗密的心性论对宋明心本论思想建构亦有启示。

The concept of“mind nature”has been the core of Buddhist philosophy,and the understanding of this concept is recognized as the way of sentient beings to address existential conundrums and achieve liberation.In Preface to the Collection of Chan Sources,Zongmi,while examining various Buddhist sects,delves into the mind nature and proposes that“to know is to be the mind”.Utilizing this proposition,he delineates between mind,knowledge,and wisdom,and further elucidates the issue of the origin and flow of all phenomena by defining“mind”with“knowledge”.This contemplation on mind nature not only explores the potential synthesis of the Huayan and Heze thoughts,but also lays the theoretical groundwork for the subsequent integration and advancement of Chan Buddhism.Moreover,Zongmi’s discourse on mind nature offers illuminating insights into the formulation of the theory of mind in the Song and Ming Dynasties.