基诺语巴卡话领属助词与状态助词的实验研究

An Experimental Study on Possessive Marker and Stative Marker in Jino Language

前人对基诺语巴卡话领属助词/ε^(55)/与状态助词/ε^(44)/的描写存在分歧,其声学特点尚未得到研究。实验研究显示:巴卡话的领属助词/ε^(55)/在语流中具有固定的音高目标,其声调通常要实现为H调,并会自然改变前音节的调形;在某些条件下还会和前音节合音,合音后声调会继承/ε^(55)/的高调特征。该特点对基诺语领属格声调屈折现象的产生提供了新的解释。状态助词/ε^(44)/的音高目标为M调,不具有改变前音节调形的能力,不会出现合音现象,声学表现与传统上对轻声的描写更加接近。

Previous research on the Jino language reveals disagreements in the descriptions of the possessive particle/ε^(55)/and the state particle/ε^(44)/.Their acoustic characteristics have not yet been studied.Experimental research shows that in the Baka dialect,the possessive particle/ε^(55)/has a fixed pitch target in speech flow,typically realized as a high tone(H tone),which naturally modifies the tone of the preceding syllable.Under certain conditions,it may also merge with the preceding syllable,and after merging,the tone inherits the high tone feature of/ε^(55)/.This characteristic offers a new explanation for the tonal inflection phenomenon of the Jino language s possessive case.The pitch target for the state particle/ε^(44)/is mid tone(M tone),and it lacks the ability to change the tone of the preceding syllable,and does not exhibit merging.Its acoustic manifestation is closer to the traditional descriptions of light tone.