古尔纳文学创作的“广阔世界”数字人文可视化研究

Visualization of"The Wide World"of Gurnah's Literary Creation:A Digital Humanities Study

从数字人文中的文学地图视角出发,研究诺贝尔文学奖得主古尔纳的10部小说所展示的“广阔世界”,以“远读”和“近读”相结合的方式揭示其获奖原因。利用Python数据处理软件和QGIS地理信息可视化软件,绘制出10幅标注了与主人公成长和身份认同密切相关的亲历地点、想象地点、听闻地点的文学地图,以可视化方式呈现作品地理跨度大和时空关系复杂的特点。以图文互读的方式,从亲历地点与身份探寻、想象地点为全球南方发声、听闻地点与世界知识的构建3个方面,深度挖掘古尔纳在文学创作中表达的世界主义思想和处理跨洲际的政治、历史、文化、社会、种族、民族、宗教等复杂问题的写作技巧和风格。

From the perspective of literary maps in digital humanities,this study examines"the wide world"depicted in the 10 novels by Abdulrazak Gurnah,a British-Tanzanian author and Nobel Prize laureate,to reveal the reasons for his award through a combination of"distant reading"and"close reading".Using Python data processing software and QGIS geographic information visualization software,10 literary maps were drawn,marking three types of places closely related to the protagonist's growth and identity:the real places,the imagined places,and the hearsay places.These maps visually present the complex geographical span and spatiotemporal relationships characteristic of Gurnah's novels.Through the intertextual reading of the maps and texts,this study deeply explores Gurnah's expression of his cosmopolitanism in literary creation and his writing techniques and style in dealing with complex issues across continents such as politics,history,culture,society,race,ethnicity,religion,etc.,from three aspects:the exploration of identity in real places,voicing for the Global South through the imagined places,and the construction of world knowledge through the hearsay places.