从生产单位到经济单位:扩大企业自主权的四川样式

From Production Unit to Economic Unit:Sichuan's Expansion of Enterprise Autonomy

国家与企业的关系,是中国探索企业管理体制改革的重点内容。20世纪70年代末,各级党政部门开始尝试对国营企业扩权让利,而四川以利润留成为主要切入点的扩大企业自主权的探索走在全国前列。随着四川相关探索的进行与效益的展现,其扩大企业自主权的经验得到了中央有关部门的认可并推向全国。改革开放初期的扩大企业自主权探索,推动了思想解放,调动了企业与职工的积极性,提高了经济活力与效益,并推动企业从生产单位向经济单位转型。

The relationship between the state and enterprises has long been the focus of the reform of enterprise management system in China.At the end of 1970s,the party and government departments at all levels began to try to expand the power of state-owned enterprises and transfer the profi ts,while Sichuan Province's Exploration on expanding the enterprise's autonomy was at the forefront of the country,and the main entry point was profi t retention.With the development of Sichuan's relevant exploration and the demonstration of its benefi ts,its experience of expanding enterprise autonomy has been recognized by the party and government departments of the Central Committee and promoted to the whole country.In the early stage of the Reform and Opening-up,the exploration of expanding the autonomy of enterprises liberated the mind,mobilized the enthusiasm of enterprises and employees,improved the economic vitality and e ffi ciency,and promoted the transformation of enterprises from production units to economic units.In the late 1970s and early 1980s,Sichuan's exploration of expanding enterprise autonomy is of great signifi cance to the Reform and Opening-up.