中小学校园欺凌防治:困境与路径

Study on the Dilemmas and Paths of Bullying Prevention and Control in El⁃ementary and Middle Schools

中小学校园欺凌问题频发,而我国当前防治校园欺凌中存在现行法律法规惩戒效果不佳、学校纪律规范对欺凌行为防控力度薄弱,以及社会主体对欺凌行为防治力量分散等问题,原因主要在于我国尚未制定惩治校园欺凌的专项法规、学校层面对校园欺凌问题的惩戒和救济路径不畅,以及惩戒防控欺凌行为的社会支持体系尚未形成。防治校园欺凌要明确各方主体责任,重视对青少年的法治教育,注重对青少年情绪价值指引,通过细化惩治校园欺凌法律法规,完善社会协同发力的校园欺凌防治组织,构建完备的欺凌防控制度,实现家校协同共治,达成防治校园欺凌中的教育、惩戒与挽救的平衡。

Bullying is a frequent problem in primary and secondary schools.The current prevention and control of bullying in schools of China is characterized by the ineffectiveness of existing laws and regulations in punishing bullying,the weakness of school disciplinary norms in preventing and controlling bullying,as well as the dispersion of the power of social subjects in pre⁃venting and controlling bullying.The reasons for the existence of these problems are mainly based on the fact that China has not formulated special laws and regulations on punishing bullying in schools,and that the paths of disciplinary measures and rem⁃edies for bullying in schools are not smooth at the school level.In order to prevent bullying in schools,we should clarify the re⁃sponsibilities of all parties,pay attention to the education of the rule of law for young people,pay attention to the value guidance for young people’s emotions,refine the laws and regulations on the punishment of bullying in schools,improve the school bully⁃ing prevention and control organization with the concerted efforts of society,build a complete system of prevention and control of bullying,and realize the synergy of the family,and the school.So as to reach a balance of education,punishment and rescue in the prevention and treatment of bullying in schools.