微重力环境下运动对肠道菌群稳态的调控作用与分子机制

The Regulation and Molecular Mechanism of Exercise on Gut Microbiota Homeostasis in Microgravity Environment

微重力环境会减少机体的肠道菌群多样性、降低益生菌水平,造成肠道菌群功能紊乱,并促使机体产生有害代谢物从而对体内多种器官造成损伤,不利于航天员的身心健康。运动能够在一定程度上改善航天员的身心健康状况,但其在微重力环境下改善肠道菌群紊乱的机制尚不明确。采用文献资料调研法,探讨微重力环境以及运动对肠道菌群的影响、微重力环境下运动改善肠道菌群稳态的分子机制。研究发现,微重力环境下运动能够通过增加肠道菌群多样性、调节肠道黏膜免疫反应、改善肠道屏障功能、激活与代谢相关的信号通路以及肠道菌群-肠道-脑轴等,有效促进航天员的身心健康。

Microgravity environment can reduce the diversity of the gut microbiota,decrease the levels of probiotics,cause the dysfunction of gut microbiota,and promote the production of harmful metabolites in the body,which can damage multiple organs and negatively impact the physical and mental health of astronauts.Exercise can improve the physical and mental health of astronauts to some extent,but the mechanism of improving gut microbiota disorders in microgravity environment is still unclear.Literature review method was used to explore the effects of microgravity environment and exercise on the gut microbiota,and the molecular mechanisms by which exercise improves gut microbiota homeostasis in microgravity environment.It has been found that exercise in the microgravity environment effectively promotes the physical and mental health of astronauts by increasing the diversity of the gut microbiota,regulating the immune response of the intestinal mucosa,enhancing the function of the intestinal barrier,activating metabolism-related signaling pathways,and the gut-microbiota-brain axis.