从生长型和叶片特征探讨功能群划分——以浙西山麻岭地区次生常绿阔叶林为例

Exploring Functional Group Classification Based on Growth Forms and Leaf Characteristics:A Case Study of the Secondary Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest in the Shanmaling Area of Western Zhejiang

以浙西地区次生常绿阔叶林23个样地的575个样方调查数据为例,研究物种的功能群划分。基于生长型和叶片特征两大因素建立功能群划分体系,并用于浙西地区目标植物群落结构特征的研究。结果表明,本项目的研究目标次生常绿阔叶林包括17个功能群。根据物种数量和生长型及叶片特征因素构建功能群结构综合图,通过对目标群落功能群结构综合图的分析,可知目标群落的功能群结构组成完全吻合次生常绿阔叶林的特征:常绿功能群占比远大于落叶功能群,阔叶功能群占比远大于针叶功能群,乔木层的大、中、小乔木功能群占比随径级增大而数量减少,充分吻合次生林的群落结构特征。本研究的分析结果充分证明不论是功能群划分体系还是功能群结构综合图,都适用于常绿阔叶林群落的研究,尤其是对群落样本数据的收集和整理,具有很强的操作性。

Using survey data from 575 plots across 23 sample sites in the secondary evergreen broad-leaved forests of western Zhejiang as an example,this study investigates the classification of species into functional groups.A functional group classification system was established based on two major factors:growth form and leaf characteristics,and it was applied to study the structural characteristics of the target plant communities in the western Zhejiang region.The results indicate that the secondary evergreen broad-leaved forests in the study area include 17 functional groups.A comprehensive diagram of functional group structure was constructed based on the number of species,growth forms,and leaf characteristics.Analysis of the target community's functional group structure diagram shows that the functional group composition of the target community completely aligns with the characteristics of secondary evergreen broad-leaved forests:the proportion of evergreen functional groups is significantly higher than that of deciduous functional groups,and the proportion of broad-leaved functional groups is much greater than that of coniferous functional groups.In the tree layer,the proportion of large,medium,and small tree functional groups decreases as the diameter class increases,fully matching the structural characteristics of secondary forests.The analysis results of this study fully demonstrate that both the functional group classification system and the comprehensive diagram of functional group structure are applicable to the study of evergreen broad-leaved forest communities,particularly in the collection and organization of community sample data,and they possess strong practicality.