江山仙霞岭省级自然保护区伯乐树群落学特征研究

Community Characteristics of Bretschneidera sinensis Community in Jiangshan Xianxialing Provincial Natural Reserve

为探究江山仙霞岭省级自然保护区伯乐树Bretschneidera sinensis群落的物种成分、种群结构组成和种间联结关系,补充保护区内伯乐树资源的分布情况,本研究基于实地调查数据,并结合以往的研究资料,选取保护区内伯乐树的典型群落,建立11个20 m×20 m样地,进行群落学调查。结果表明,伯乐树所处的群落类型多样,主要有针阔混交林、常绿阔叶林、竹阔混交林,群落结构复杂,乔木层分层明显。对伯乐树群落内的乔木层和灌木层物种进行种间关联与相关性分析,结果显示,乔木层中伯乐树与云山青冈Cyclobalanopsis sessilifolia、石木姜子Litsea elongata、粉叶柿Diospyros japonica等树种呈显著的正相关;灌木层中伯乐树与长柄山蚂蝗Hylodesmum podocarpum、茶Camellia sinensis等物种呈正相关关系。保护区中伯乐树群落中各树种呈不显著的负关联,群落的结构仍处于演替变化中。伯乐树与云山青冈、石木姜子、粉叶柿、江南越桔Vaccinium mandarinorum、蓝果树Nyssa sinensis、红楠Machilus thunbergii、鹿角杜鹃Rhododendron latoucheae、木荷Schima superba、茶、尖叶长柄山蚂蝗Hylodesmum podocarpium subsp.oxyphyllum、长柄山蚂蝗等喜湿润生境树种呈正相关关系,说明湿润生境对伯乐树群落生存发育具有正向关系。在后期伯乐树野外保育过程中,应采取适当人为抚育措施,营造良好的生长环境。

Investigations were carried out on Bretschneidera sinensis communities in Jiangshan Xianxialing Provincial Reserve,Zhejiang province,and 11 sample plots with 20 m×20 m were established in typical communities.The result demonstrated that B.sinensis distributed in various types of communities,mainly coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest,evergreen broad-leaved forest,bamboo and broad-leaved mixed forest.The interspecific association and correlation analysis on the species pairs at tree layer and shrub layer in the surveyed communities showed that there was significant positive correlation between B.sinensis and Cyclobalanopsis sessilifolia,Litsea elongata,Diospyros japonica at tree layer.At shrub layer,there was positive correlation between B.sinensis and Hylodesmum podocarpum,Camellia sinensis.The tree species in the B.sinensis community in the Reserve were not significantly negatively correlated,and the structure and function of the community were still in the process of succession.There was positive correlation between B.sinensis and Cyclobalanopsis sessilifolia,Litsea elongata,Diospyros japonica,Vaccinium mandarinorum,Nyssa sinensis,Machilus thunbergii,Rhododendron latoucheae,Schima superba,C.sinensis,Hylodesmum podocarpum subsp.Oxyphyllum,H.podocarpum.