分子钙钛矿含能材料DAP-4的制备及性能表征

Preparation and Performance Characterization of Molecular Perovskite Energetic Material DAP-4

采用化学法合成了分子钙钛矿含能材料DAP-4,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能量色散光谱(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(IR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和元素分析对DAP-4性能进行了表征;利用氧弹式量热仪和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)测试了DAP-4的生成焓(ΔH f)及DAP-4的热分解性能,同时测试了其机械感度、爆轰性能和燃烧性能;将DAP-4应用于CMDB推进剂中,测试了其定容和定压燃烧性能。结果表明,DAP-4的生成焓为278.6 kJ/mol,升温速率20℃/min下的热分解峰温高达392.5℃,热分解活化能(E_(K))为247.2 kJ/mol,热爆炸临界温度(T_(b))达到631.6 K,远高于HMX的T_(b)值;DAP-4的撞击感度与TNT相近,摩擦感度与CL-20相近,爆速与RDX接近;DAP-4及其混合炸药的化学储能、作功能力和对金属的加速能力明显高于RDX和HMX,与CL-20持平。定容燃烧实验表明,含DAP-4的CMDB-1推进剂燃烧速率最快,燃烧压力最高,增压速率也最高。定压燃烧实验表明,CMDB-1的燃烧温度最高,达3501℃。

Molecular perovskite energetic material DAP-4 was synthesized by chemical methods,and it was characterized by using SEM,EDS,XRD,IR,XPS,and elemental analysis.The enthalpy of formation(ΔH f)and the thermal decomposition performance of DAP-4 were tested by using the oxygen bomb calorimeter and DSC technology.Its mechanical sensitivity,detonation performance,and combustion performance were also carried out.The DAP-4 was used in CMDB propellant,and the constant volume combustion and the constant pressure combustion performance were tested.The results show that the enthalpy of formation of DAP-4 was determined as 278.6 kJ/mol.At a heating rate of 20℃/min,the peak temperature of thermal decomposition reached 392.5℃,the activation energy of thermal decomposition(E_(K))was 247.2 kJ/mol,and the critical temperature of thermal explosion(T_(b))reached 631.6 K,which was much higher than that of HMX.The impact sensitivity of DAP-4 was similar to that of TNT,and the friction sensitivity was closed to CL-20.The detonation velocity of DAP-4 was as high as that of RDX.The chemical energy storage,work capacity,and metal acceleration ability of DAP-4 and its mixed explosives were significantly higher than those of RDX and HMX,which was closed to CL-20.The constant volume combustion experiment showed that the CMDB-1 propellant containing DAP-4 had the fastest burning rate,the highest combustion pressure,and the highest pressurization rate.The constant pressure combustion data showed that the combustion temperature of CMDB-1 propellant was the highest,which can reach 3501℃.