CL-20-NBC/Al球形复合物的制备及性能表征

Preparation and Properties Characterization of CL-20-NBC/Al Spherical Complexes

针对六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20)安全性能差的问题,基于Pickering乳液法,将CL-20、Al两种高能组分进行复合,引入含能黏结剂硝化细菌纤维素(NBC)降低体系感度,制备了CL-20-NBC/Al球形复合物;研究了油水比、物料比、表面活性剂用量对乳液稳定性的影响;采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热(DSC)对CL-20-NBC/Al复合物的结构、形貌、热性能等进行了表征。结果表明,Pickering乳液法制备的CL-20-NBC/Al复合物,控制油水体积比为4∶6、CL-20与NBC质量比为6∶4、表面活性剂用量为原料用量的10%时,能形成稳定的乳液体系;CL-20-NBC/Al复合物为规则的球形,表面光滑,粒径分布(D_(50))为27.4μm;与原料CL-20相比,CL-20-NBC/Al复合物的放热量提高了42%;特性落高由原料的13 cm升高到40 cm,摩擦感度爆炸概率由原料的100%降至88%,其机械安全性能得到较大幅度的提升。

Aiming at the problem of poor safety of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20),the work of compounding two high-energy components of CL-20 and Al powder was carried out based on the Pickering emulsion method.The energetic binder nitrated bacterial cellulose(NBC)was introduced to reduce the sensitivity of the system,and the CL-20-NBC/Al spherical complexes was prepared.The effects of oil-water ratio,material ratio,and surfactant dosage on the stability of the emulsion were investigated.And the structure,morphology,and thermal properties of the CL-20-NBC/Al composite energy-containing materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC).The results show that the CL-20-NBC/Al complexes prepared by Pickering emulsion can form a stable emulsion system when the oil-water ratio is controlled to be 4/6,the ratio of raw material CL-20/NBC to be 4/6,and the amount of surfactant to be 10%of the raw material.The prepared CL-20-NBC/Al composite is a regular sphere with a smooth surface and a particle size distribution D_(50)of 27.4μm.At the same time,compared with the raw material CL-20,the heat release of CL-20-NBC/Al composites increases by 42%.The characteristic drop height increases from 13 cm to 40 cm.The explosion probability of friction sensitivity decreases from 100%to 88%,and the mechanical safety performance is greatly improved.