幼儿参与家务劳动的影响因素及其提升策略

The Influence Path and Educational Strategy of Preschool Children’s Participation in Housework

幼儿参与家务劳动有利于促进其全面发展。为构建幼儿家长高质量开展家务劳动教育的策略,本研究以2336名3~6岁幼儿及其家长为调查对象,以期全面揭示幼儿参与家务劳动的现状,并考察劳动教育在家长家务劳动价值观对幼儿家务劳动参与影响之间的中介效应。结果发现,幼儿参与家务劳动情况处于中等偏下水平;家长家务劳动价值观显著正向预测幼儿参与家务劳动,家务劳动教育完全中介家长家务劳动价值观对幼儿参与家务劳动的影响。为提升家务劳动的质量和提高幼儿的家务劳动参与水平,家长应以任务为驱动,通过明晰家务劳动任务来实施言传身教式的家务劳动教育;通过言传引领,坚持科学的家务劳动价值观,激发幼儿对家务劳动的参与兴趣;通过身教示范,践行家务劳动实践育人,培养幼儿积极参与家务劳动的良好习惯。

Children’s participation in housework is conducive to promoting their all-round development.In order to construct strategies for preschool children’s parents to carry out high-quality housework education,this study investigated 2336 preschool children aged 3~6 and their parents to reveal the current situation of children’s participation in housework,and to find the mediating effect of housework education in the influence of parents’view of housework value on children’s participation in housework.The results showed that preschool children’s participation in housework was lower than medium level;parents’view of preschool children’s housework value positively predicted children’s participation in housework;children’s housework education completely mediated the influence of parents’view of preschool children’s housework values on children’s participation in housework.Based on these findings,this paper propose the three-dimensional strategy of high quality housework education by parents’precept and example with“task driven,verbal guidance and example demonstration”as the core content.