LNG储运安全保障技术发展与展望

Current development and prospect of LNG storage and transportation and safety protection technology

中国作为液化天然气(LNG)进口大国主要通过LNG运输船运至沿海地区的LNG接收站,经气化后向内陆地区通过管道进行输送,其中,储罐和高压泵等储运关键设备发挥着核心支撑作用。本文阐述了LNG从船运到LNG接收站再进入管线输送过程中所涉及的LNG储运技术与关键设备发展状况,分析了LNG船运过程传热与蒸发抑制技术,储存、冷凝及气化等静设备以及长管线输送动力设备等关键设备的研发难点,讨论了LNG管线安全输送保障技术。提出了要进一步加强理论研究和关键技术突破,重点研发LNG储运关键设备,确保LNG储运过程的安全可靠性,实现LNG储运关键设备全部国产化和能源重大工程的自主可控发展。

China is a big importer of LNG,which is mainly imported by transporting LNG from LNG ships to LNG receiving stations in coastal areas and then to inland areas through pipelines after LNG is vaporized,where the key storage and transportation equipment such as storage tanks and high-pressure pumps plays a significantly important supporting role.This paper describes the development status of LNG storage and transportation technologies as well as key equipment involved in the transportation process of LNG from shipping to LNG receiving station and re-entry pipeline.The difficulties in the research and development of the technology of heat transfer and evaporation suppression in the process of LNG shipping,the static equipment such as storage,condensation and gasification and the power equipment of the long pipeline transmission were analyzed.In addition,the technology of transmission safety of LNG pipeline system was discussed as well.The paper proposes that theoretical research and breakthroughs of key technologies should be further strengthened,the key equipment of LNG storage and transportation should be developed as soon as possible,and all key equipment of LNG storage and transportation should be localized so as to ensure the safety,high efficiency and reliability of LNG storage and transportation process and independent control of major energy projects in China.