基于服务分区的灵活型公交路径优化方法研究

Research on flexible bus route optimization method based on service zoning

面对不断增长的乘客需求以及不断扩大的服务范围,需要利用更为高效的区域调度方法解决灵活型公交车辆的路径规划问题。文章针对大规模路网下灵活型公交系统的运营特性,考虑国内封闭式小区路网结构和乘客离散需求分布的特性,构建了基于服务分区的二阶段灵活型公交系统路径优化方法,协同规划服务子区之间及其内部车辆服务路径。同时,提出了强制式、半强制式、灵活式3种路径优化策略,用于校验不同策略下的模型目标值和求解效率。结果表明:服务子区的划分符合客流的时空集聚特征,能够兼顾路径规划的灵活度和乘客需求响应的效率,可应用于求解大规模路网下灵活型公交路径规划设计问题。

With the growing demand of passengers and the expanding service scope,it is necessary to use more efficient regional scheduling methods to solve the path planning problem of flexible buses.The article focuses on the operational characteristics of flexible public transportation systems under large-scale road networks,taking into account the characteristics of domestic closed community road network structure and passenger discrete demand distribution.A two-stage flexible public transportation system path optimization method based on service zoning is constructed,and collaborative planning of vehicle service paths between and within service subzone is carried out.At the same time,three path optimization strategies-mandatory,semi-mandatory,and flexible-are proposed to verify model objective values and solution efficiency under different strategies.The results show that the division of service zones conforms to the spatial-temporal clustering characteristics of passenger flow,which can also give consideration to the flexibility of route planning and the response efficiency of passenger demand.Therefore,this method is applicable to solving the path planning challenges for flexible buses under large-scale road networks.