维生素D_(3)对10~12月龄梅花鹿生长性能、营养物质表观消化率及血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Vitamin D_(3) on Growth Performance,Apparent Digestibility of Nutrients and Serum Biochemical Indexes of 10-12 Months Old Sika Deer(Cervus nippon)

【目的】探究饲粮维生素D_(3)(VD_(3))添加水平对10~12月龄梅花鹿生长性能、营养物质表观消化率及血清生化指标的影响。【方法】选取24头10月龄、平均体重为(45.32±5.23)kg的健康雄性梅花鹿,随机分成4组,每组6头,每个重复1头,分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0(对照组)、2000、4000和8000 IU/kg VD_(3)的试验饲粮。试验期共90 d。试验结束后统计梅花鹿体重、采食量,计算生长性能;采集血液样本,测定血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、碱性磷酸酶水平及丙二醛、免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白M、甲状腺旁素、降钙素、1,25羟基维生素D_(3)、钙和磷含量。试验第75天起连续采集3 d粪便样本,测定干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、钙及磷含量。【结果】(1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加4000 IU/kg VD_(3)显著提高了梅花鹿平均日增重(P<0.05),其他各组间平均日增重差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)4000 IU/kg组梅花鹿Ca表观消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其他各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。(3)3个试验组梅花鹿血清T-SOD水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但其在3组间差异不显著(P>0.05);饲粮添加8000 IU/kg VD_(3)显著提高了梅花鹿血清1,25羟基维生素D_(3)水平(P<0.05),其他各组间该指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】饲粮添加适量VD_(3)有利于提高梅花鹿生长性能和机体抗氧化能力,增加血清1,25羟基维生素D_(3)含量。综合试验结果,4000 IU/kg VD_(3)在10~12月龄梅花鹿应用效果较好。

【Objective】To investigate the effects of vitamin D_(3)(VD_(3))supplementation on growth performance,apparent digestibility of nutrients and serum biochemical indexes of 10-12 months old sika deer(Cervus nippon).【Method】Twenty-four healthy male sika deers aged 10 months with an average body weight of 45.32 kg±5.23 kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 deers in each group and 1 deer per replicate,which were fed basal diet supplemented with 0(control group),2000,4000 and 8000 IU/kg VD_(3),respectively.The experiment lasted for 90 days.At the ending of the experiment,the body weight and feed intake of sika deer were counted to determine the growth performance.Blood samples were collected to determine the serum levels of glutathione peroxidase,total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)and alkaline phosphatase,and the levels of malondialdehyde,immunoglobulin A,immunog-lobulin G,immunoglobulin M,parathyroid,calcitonin,1,25 hydroxyvitamin D_(3),calcium and phosphorus.Since the 75th day,fecal samples were collected for 3 days,and the contents of dry matter,crude protein,crude fat,acid detergent fiber,neutral detergent fiber,calcium and phosphorus were determined.【Result】①Compared with control group,diet supplemented with 4000 IU/kg VD_(3) significantly increased the average daily gain of sika deer(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference among other groups(P>0.05).②The apparent digestibility of Ca in 4000 IU/kg group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference among other groups(P>0.05).③The serum T-SOD levels of sika deer in 2000,4000 and 8000 IU/kg groups were significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference among 2000,4000 and 8000 IU/kg groups(P>0.05).Diet supplemented with 8000 IU/kg VD_(3) significantly increased serum 1,25 hydroxyvitamin D_(3) level(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference among other groups(P>0.05).【Conclusion】Dietary VD_(3) supplementation was beneficial to improve growth performance,antioxidant capacity and serum 1,25 hydroxyvitamin D_(3) content of sika deer.According to the indexes determined in this experiment,4000 IU/kg VD_(3) had a good application effect on 10-12 months old sika deer.