大规模新能源消纳用高频变压器及其铁芯材料发展现状与前景

Development Status and Prospect of High Frequency Transformers and Core Materials for Large-scale Renewable Energy Consumption

高频变压器是实现大规模新能源消纳和交直流混合配网柔性互联的关键装备,提升其容量对于促进更多风、光等新能源入网、构建新型电力系统具有重要意义。高频变压器容量、功率密度等性能参数主要与铁芯材料及其磁性元件有关。目前,高频变压器常用铁芯材料以软磁铁氧体和纳米晶合金为主。文中首先回顾了软磁铁氧体和纳米晶合金的发展进程,根据两种软磁材料基本性能参数对比分析结果,阐述了纳米晶合金高饱和磁感应强度、低磁致伸缩系数、高磁导率的高频性能优势。其次介绍了两种软磁元件的研究进展,结合元件尺寸、质量、带材宽度等对高频变压器容量的影响,分析了纳米晶铁芯在提升高频变压器容量方面的性能优越性。最后从材料、磁性元件、变压器3个方面总结了大容量高频变压器的发展和需求,指出了目前宽幅超薄纳米晶材料开发、大容量磁性元件制备、MVA级高频变压器设计及制造关键技术等方面面临的挑战。

High-frequency transformer is the key device for large-scale renewable energy consumption and flexible in-terconnection of AC-DC hybrid distribution network.Current capacity of a single high frequency transformer cannot meet the requirements of large-scale consumption of renewable energy and construction of new power system;therefore,it is necessary to improve the capacity of high frequency transformer,which is related to core materials and magnetic compo-nents.In this paper,the development of core materials is reviewed.Based on the comparison of property parameters for soft ferrites and nanocrystalline alloys,nanocrystalline alloys show lower magnetostriction and higher permeability.The progresses in researching soft ferrite and nanocrystalline components are introduced,and the effects of component size and property on the capacity of high frequency transformer are discussed.In addition,the developments and demands of large-capacity high frequency transformer are described,and the challenges in wide-strip ultra-thin nanocrystalline mate-rials,preparation of large-capacity magnetic components,design and manufacturing of MVA-level high frequency transformers are summarized.