基于低居里点PTC材料的风机叶片防冰数值模拟及试验验证

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation of Wind Turbine Blades Anti-icing Based on Low Curie Point PTC Material

叶片覆冰会严重影响风机的安全稳定运行。目前,电热防冰是最高效可靠的风机叶片防冰方法,但存在防冰区域受热不均匀、局部覆冰以及过多分区导致防冰系统过于复杂等问题。为此提出采用正温度系数(positive temperature coefficient,PTC)材料进行风机叶片自适应电加热防冰的创新方法,通过原位聚合法成功制备了一种低居里点PTC材料,其居里温度点为1℃。随后,基于该材料的阻-温特性,建立了风机叶片的电加热防冰模型,并进行数值模拟。研究结果显示,当采用低居里点PTC材料进行风机叶片电加热防冰时,无需进行防冰区域的分区,就能使得防冰区域受热更加均匀。在一定的工作电压下,低居里点PTC材料在不同环境温度和风速下展现出自适应调节加热功率的能力,并且经过100次循环阻-温测试后,材料仍具有极强的自适应调节能力。最后,通过试验验证了材料的这种自适应调节能力。该研究结果为后续基于低居里点PTC材料的风机叶片防冰系统的研究奠定了坚实基础。

Blade icing can seriously impair the secure and stable operation of wind turbines.At present,electrothermal anti-icing is regarded as the most effective and dependable method for preventing ice accumulation on wind turbine blades.However,challenges persist,including uneven heating within the anti-icing area,localized ice formation,and an excessive number of partitions leading to an unnecessarily intricate anti-icing system.This study introduces an innovative approach that the PTC material is employed for adaptive electrothermal anti-icing of wind turbine blades.Through in-situ polymerization,a low Curie point PTC material with a Curie temperature point of 1℃is successfully synthesized.Sub-sequently,based on the resistance-temperature characteristics of the material,an electrothermal anti-icing model for wind turbine blades is established and numerically simulated.The results indicate that when the low Curie point PTC material is used for electrothermal anti-icing of wind turbine blades,the anti-icing area can be heated more uniformly without the need for segmenting the anti-icing area.Under a certain operating voltage,the low Curie point PTC material demonstrates the ability to adaptively adjust the heating power across varying ambient temperatures and wind speeds.Impressively,even after undergoing 100 cycles of resistance-temperature testing,the material retains a robust adaptive adjustment abil-ity.Eventually,the adaptive adjustment ability of the material is verified experimentally.The results of this research lay a solid foundation for the subsequent investigations on the wind turbine blade anti-icing system based on the low Curie point material.