水分胁迫对赤霞珠葡萄果实品质及相关基因表达的影响

Effect of water stress on fruit quality and expressions of related genes in grapes

为探究水分胁迫对赤霞珠葡萄果实品质及有机酸合成相关基因表达的影响,在宁夏银川以9年生赤霞珠葡萄为试材,从花后18 d开始分别进行正常水分管理(40 cm深处土壤相对含水量55%~65%)、水涝胁迫(40 cm深处土壤相对含水量65%~75%)和干旱胁迫(40 cm深处土壤相对含水量45%~55%)处理,花后25~105 d间隔20 d采一次果样,测定百粒质量、可溶性固形物含量、单宁含量、总酚含量和有机酸含量,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测有机酸合成相关基因的表达量。结果表明,与正常水分管理相比,整体上水涝胁迫能诱导有机酸合成相关基因的表达,干旱胁迫抑制了果实发育后期有机酸合成相关基因的表达。水涝胁迫增加果实百粒质量,降低可溶性固形物、总酚含量,增加有酒石酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸含量。干旱胁迫降低可溶性固形物、总酚、酒石酸、苹果酸和柠檬酸含量。

To investigate the effects of water stress on the quality of Cabernet Sauvignon grape fruits and the expressions of genes related to organic acid synthesis,9-year-old Cabernet Sauvignon grapes were used as test materials in Yinchuan,Ningxia.Starting from 18 days after flowering,normal water management(relative soil moisture content of 55% to 65% at the depth of 40 cm),water logging stress(relative soil moisture content of 65% to 75% at the depth of 40 cm),and drought stress(relative soil moisture content of 45% to 55% at the depth of 40 cm)treatments were carried out.Fruit samples were collected every 20 days from 25 to 105 days after flowering to measure the mass of 100 grains,soluble solids content,tannin content,total phenol content,and organic acid content.The expression levels of organic acid synthesis related genes were detected by real time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology.The results showed that compared with normal water management,water logging stress could induce the expressions of organic acid synthesis related genes,while drought stress inhibited the expressions of organic acid synthesis related genes in the later stage of fruit development.Water logging stress increased the weight of one hundred fruits,reduced the content of soluble solids and total phenols,and increased the contents of tartaric acid,malic acid,and citric acid.Drought stress reduced the contents of soluble solids,total phenols,tartaric acid,malic acid,and citric acid.