内外分幅的整体复合式高速公路交通指路标志布设方法

A Layout Method of Guide Signs for Inner and Outer Lanes Integrated Composite Expressway

整体复合式高速公路具有特殊的道路结构和交通组织模式,所需传递的信息量较大。为提升指路标志引导效率,避免信息过载,改善整体复合式高速公路交通运行的安全性,针对该场景指路标志的布设展开研究。以广深高速公路为例,通过分析内外分幅交通组织模式下整体复合式高速公路特征,明确了指路标志的布设原则并据此提出了基于内外幅功能和基于车道功能的信息指引方法以及适用于复合式高速公路的指路信息分级方式。借助驾驶模拟技术,进行了指路标志的信息阈值和版面设计试验。先后测得不同信息数量指路标志驾驶人目标搜寻时间和被试人员驶出互通出口过程中横向偏移量、速度、加速度以及标志注视时间。信息阈值试验中,使用稳健估计理论处理目标信息搜寻时间,对比可供信息搜寻时间表,认为整体复合式高速公路指路标志信息阈值为8条。版面设计试验中,依据提出的2种信息指引方法和信息分级方式绘制的互通出口指路标志均能正确引导车辆到达目的地,但基于内外幅功能的指引方法信息传递效率更高,使得内外幅换道提前约250 m,驾驶速度提高5.88%,加速度标准差减小45.77%,并且缩短了驾驶人注视标志的时间。研究表明:在内外分幅的整体复合式高速公路中,使用基于内外幅功能的信息指引方法能提高指路标志视认性,有效引导交通运行,推荐整体复合式高速公路采用基于内外幅功能的信息指引方法布设指路标志。

The integrated composite expressway has a special road structure and traffic organization mode,which requires the transmission of a large amount of information.In order to enhance the efficiency of guide signs,prevent information overload,and improve safety,research is conducted to optimize the layout of guide signs for this type of expressway.Using the Guangshen expressway as a case study,the research analyzes its characteristics of the inner and outer lanes to clarify layout principles for guide signs.It proposes information guidance methods based on the functions of inner and outer lanes and develops a grading method for guidance information.Through driving simulation technology,experiments are carried out to determine information threshold and layout design for guide signs.Drivers’target search time for different information quantities of guide signs is measured,as well as the lateral offset,speed,acceleration,and sign fixation time during interchange exits.In the information threshold experiment,robust estimation theory is applied to process the target information search time,concluding that the information threshold for guide signs on an integrated composite expressway is 8.In the layout design experiment,two sets of interchange exit guide signs are tested based on the proposed information guidance and grading methods.Both sets can correctly guide vehicles to their destinations.However,the guidance method based on the inner and outer functions proves more efficiency,leading to an earlier lane changes about 250 m,a 5.88%increase in driving speed,a 45.77%reduction in acceleration standard deviation,and a shortened sign fixation time.The research indicates that the proposed information guidance method effectively enhances sign visibility,guides traffic flow,and alleviates driver stress on integrated composite expressways.It is recommended to adopt the information guidance method based on the inner and outer functions for integrated composite expressways.