基于振动故障特征风机叶片裂纹的识别与处理

Identification and Processing of Fan Blade Cracks based on Vibration Fault Characteristics

某电站锅炉引风机在运行过程中振动发生了明显的异常跳变,通过与历史数据比对和频谱分析,准确识别了叶片故障裂纹。风机停运后检查结果与诊断完全一致,有效避免了一起重大设备事故。更换风机叶轮后通过现场高速动平衡,设备振动达到了优良水平。为了分析叶片开裂原因,开展了叶片频率和振动测试,发现在工作转速范围内存在明显的叶片通过频率转速,为保证机组设备的安全稳定运行,优化了风机运行曲线,采用静叶配合转速调节有效避开了引风机运行的共振转速。

During the operation of a boiler induced draft fan in a certain power plant,there was a significant abnormal vibration jump.Through comparison with historical data and spectrum analysis,blade failure cracks were accurately identified.After the fan was shut down,the inspection results were completely consistent with the diagnosis,effectively avoiding a major equipment accident.After replacing the fan impeller,the equipment vibration reached an excellent level through on-site high-speed dynamic balancing.In order to analyze the cause of blade cracking,blade frequency and vibration tests were conducted,and it was found that there were obvious blade passing frequency speeds within the working speed range.To ensure the safe and stable operation of the unit equipment,the fan operating curve was optimized,and the use of static blades combined with speed adjustment effectively avoided the resonance speed of the induced draft fan operation.