英美世界一流大学化学专业课程的共同特征及其启示

Characteristics and Revelation of Chemistry Programs in the World's Leading Universities in the United Kingdom and the United States

学科高质量发展是“双一流”建设的重点要求。化学是高校专业型领域人才培养与国家产业发展的重点主流专业之一。通过对英国与美国的世界一流高校化学专业课程进行分析,认为其在目标上凸显“注重综合素质与个性成长的统一”与“注重社会贡献与学生成才的相融合”,在内容上彰显“理论性和实践性相统一”和“基本知识和前沿理论相统一”,在组织上注重“专业课程与相关课程的融通”与“网状化课程结构与学生个性发展的交相辉映”,在评价上注重“评价方法多元”和“过程性与连续性相结合”。结合英美世界一流大学化学专业课程特征与我国高校化学专业课程的建设实际与发展需要,注重课程目标的专业性与特色性、提升课程内容的时代性与实践性、促进课程结构的延展性与可选择性、增强课程评价多元性与过程性是我国大学化学专业课程建设可借鉴的重要经验。

tHigh-quality development of academic disciplines is a key requirement for the construction of"double first-class".Chemistry is one of the key mainstream specialties in the training of talents in specialized fields in colleges and universities and the development of national industries.By analyzing the chemistry programs of the world's top universities in the United Kingdom and the United States,it is believed that their objectives emphasize the characteristics of"unity of comprehensive quality and personality growth"and"integration of social contribution and students'success",their contents emphasize the characteristics of"harmonization of theoretical and practical aspects"and"harmonization of basic knowledge and cutting-edge theories",their structures emphasize the characteristics of"integration of specialized and related courses and"interaction between reticulated course organization and students'personality development",their evaluations emphasize the characteristics of"multiple evaluation methods"and"combining process and continuity".Combining the characteristics of chemistry courses in the world-class universities in the United Kingdom and the United States with the actual construction and development needs of chemistry courses in Chinese universities,focusing on the professionalism and characteristics of the course objectives,enhancing the modernity and practicability of the course contents,strengthening the extensibility and selectivity of the course structure,and enhancing the diversity and process of the course evaluations are the important experiences that can be learnt from the construction of chemistry courses in Chinese universities.