基于价值损耗的易腐类应急物资轮换研究

Research on the Rotation of Perishable Emergency Supplies Based on Value Loss

为了减少易腐产品在应急物资储备过程中面临的价值损耗和过期风险,研究了不确定性需求背景下易腐类应急物资的最优轮换问题。以应急物资的轮换时间节点作为决策变量,考虑到易腐产品的价值会随时间递减这一特性,分别建立了以政府期望总成本减少和企业期望收益增加最大化为目标的随机非线性规划模型。主要分析了轮换时间节点比例、物资的易腐性等相关参数对轮换效益的影响。通过数值分析,发现存在一个使轮换效益最大化的最优轮换时间节点。此外,还发现产品易腐性越低,轮换带来的效益越高。

To reduce the value loss and expiration risk of perishable products during the storage of emergency supplies,the optimal rotation problem of perishable emergency supplies under uncertain demand conditions was investigated.Using the rotation time nodes of emergency supplies as decision vari-ables and considering the characteristic that the value of perishable products decreases over time,stochastic nonlinear programming models were established with the objectives of minimizing the expected total cost for the government and maximizing the expected profit for enterprises.The effects of rotation time node ratios,perishability of supplies,and other relevant parameters on rotation efficiency were mainly analyzed.Numerical analysis revealed the existence of an optimal rotation time node that maximizes rotation efficiency.Additionally,it was found that the lower the perishability of the product,the greater the benefits brought by considering rotation.