生产、生活方式绿色转型如何共同驱动绿色发展?——基于fsQCA的组态效应研究

How can the green transformation of production and lifestyles jointly drive green development?a study of the configuration effect based on fsQCA

随着资源环境约束日益缩紧,走生态优先的绿色发展之路已经成为社会共识,而发展方式的变革不仅需要转变传统的生产方式,也需要改变不环保的生活方式。该研究从生产方式和生活方式绿色转型视角出发,以2014—2020年中国30个省份的截面数据为案例样本,使用模糊集定性比较分析方法(fsQCA),探究高(非高)水平绿色发展的组态效应及其时间演变趋势和空间组态差异。结果表明:①单一条件不是实现高水平绿色发展的必要条件,非产业绿色转型是导致非高水平绿色发展的必要条件。②根据重要影响因素的异同将5条高水平绿色发展的驱动路径划分为产业-效率-需求驱动型、产业-需求驱动型和效率-需求驱动型;非高水平绿色发展的驱动路径有3条,绿色技术创新、产业绿色转型和绿色消费需求缺失是导致非高水平绿色发展的主要原因。③绿色发展的驱动路径具有空间异质性,东部地区绿色发展驱动路径具有一致性和完备性,中西部地区驱动路径更加多元和分散。④随着时间的推移,绿色产品需求和绿色消费能力在推动绿色发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用。基于上述研究结果,该研究提出不同地区应因地制宜,根据自身发展情况选择最佳绿色发展路径:高水平绿色发展地区要在深化自身优势的基础上推动绿色生产、生活方式的协同发展,低水平绿色发展地区需明确自身发展短板,集中优势资源突破生产、生活方式绿色转型方面制约绿色发展的关键因素。

With the increasingly tightening constraints on resources and the environment,it has become a social consensus to take an ecologically prioritized path to green development.The transformation of development mode requires not only the change of traditional production methods but also a shift away from environmentally unfriendly lifestyles.From the perspective of green transformation of production mode and lifestyles,this study took the cross-sectional data of 30 provinces and municipalities in China from 2014 to 2020 as case samples,and used the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method(fsQCA)to explore the configuration effects of high(and non-high)levels of green development,as well as their temporal evolutionary trends and spatial configuration differences.The results showed that:①None of the single conditions were necessary to achieve a high level of green development,and non-industrial green transformation was a necessary condition for non-high-level green development.②According to the similarities and differences of significant influencing factors,the five driving paths of high-level green development could be divided into industry-efficiency-demanddriven,industry-demand-driven,and efficiency-demand-driven paths.Three driving paths of non-high-level green development were identified,with the lack of green technological innovation,industrial green transformation,and green consumption demand being the primary reasons for non-high-level green development.③The driving path of green development exhibited spatial heterogeneity,with consistency and completeness in the eastern region and more diversity and dispersion in the central and western regions.④Over time,the demand for green products and the capacity for green consumption would play an increasingly important role in promoting green development.Based on these findings,different regions should select the optimal path for green development based on their specific circumstances.High-level green development regions should further leverage their advantages and promote the synergistic development of green production and lifestyles.Conversely,low-level green development regions need to identify their shortcomings and focus their advantageous resources on breaking through key constraints to green development in terms of the green transformation of production and lifestyles.