东京奥运会我国获奖特点及对新奥运周期备战的启示

Study on the Characteristics of China's Awards in the Tokyo Olympics and the Implications for the Preparation of the New Olympic Cycle

2020东京奥运会我国体育健儿取得了可喜的成绩,为国家争得了荣誉。总结东京奥运会获奖特点及制胜法宝,能为新奥运周期的备战和参赛提供重要的参考和启示。采用数理统计法、逻辑分析法和文献资料法等研究方法,并基于奥运竞技格局变化,从获奖的年龄、性别、区域和项目特点等4个维度,对东京奥运会我国运动员获奖进行研究。研究认为,东京奥运会我国参赛运动员年龄分布较为均衡,而获奖项目呈两极分化态势,传统优势项目仍然是获奖主体,且新生力量较为丰富。从性别来看,女性运动员是获奖主力军,远超男性运动员;获奖运动员区域来源主要集中于东部地区,东强西弱的态势明显。目前奥运会获奖国家(地区)的面在扩大,局部项目竞争更加激烈、更为多元化,我国传统优势项目提升的空间逐渐变小。因此,巴黎奥运会及之后的洛杉矶奥运会等的备战,应当充分发挥体制优势,提升两个“参赛率”,即男性参赛率和项目参加率,不断扩大获奖人数和获奖项目范围;顺应奥运新变革趋势,促进项目均衡发展,特别要重视新兴项目和国际影响力大的项目竞争力提升。科技助力、科学化保障,实现奥运竞技新的超越。

In the 2020 Tokyo Olympics,China's athletes have achieved remarkable results and won honors for the country.Standing at the starting point of the new century,summarizing the award-winning features and the winning formula of the Tokyo Olympics will provide references and guidance for the preparation and participation in the new Olympic Cycle.Based on the changes in the Olympic athletic landscape,this study adopts the research methods of mathematical statistics,logical analysis and literature review to study the awards won by China's athletes at the To-kyo Olympics from four dimensions including age,gender,region and event characteristics.The study concludes that the age distribution of China's athletes in the Tokyo Olympic Games is relatively balanced,while the award-winning events exhibit a polarization trend,with traditional strength events remaining the mainstay of awards,and a relatively abundant influx of new talents.From a gender perspective,female athletes are the main force behind the awards,far surpassing male athletes.The regions of origin of the award-winning athletes are mainly concentrated in the east of China,with a clear pattern of strength in the east and weakness in the west.Currently,the expanding number of countries(regions)winning awards at the Olympic Games and the more intensified and diversified competition in local sports events provide less room for China's improvement on traditionally advantageous sports.There-fore,the preparation for the Paris Olympic Games and the subsequent Los Angeles Olympics should give full play to institutional advantages,improve the two“participation rates”,namely the male participation rate and the event participation rate,and continuously expand the number of award winners and the scope of award-winning events,follow the new trend of Olympic reform,promote the balanced development of events,and pay special attention to the improvement of the competitiveness of emerging events and events with great international influence.Technologi-cal support and scientific safeguards should be used to achieve a new level of excellence in the next Olympics.