体检者骨密度水平的影响因素及骨质疏松症预防措施

The Influencing Factors of Bone Density Levels and Osteoporosis Prevention Measures in Physical Examiners

目的:分析体检者骨密度水平的影响因素并提出有效预防骨质疏松症措施。方法:回顾性分析2021年6月—2023年6月于锦州医科大学附属第一医院接受骨密度检测体检80例患者的临床资料。汇总患者基本信息,并根据检查结果分析骨密度水平的主要影响因素。结果:骨量正常占比随着年龄增加而降低,60~69岁和70~80岁体检者骨量正常率低于45~49岁体检者(P<0.05);体质量指数(BMI)不同阶段患者桡骨骨密度、胫骨骨密度水平相比,28.1~32.2 kg/m2>22.1~28.0 kg/m2>16.0~22.0 kg/m2(P<0.05);患者性别、是否长期饮酒/茶/咖啡、是否规律运动及是否主动补钙对比,有显著差异(P<0.05);性别,是否长期饮酒/茶/咖啡、规律运动、主动补钙是体检人群发生骨量减少/骨质疏松的相关因素(P<0.05)。结论:体检者骨密度水平相关因素主要包括性别、年龄、BMI、生活饮食习惯及是否主动补钙等,综合考虑自身情况,针对相关因素进行有效干预,可避免发生骨质疏松症或控制病情严重程度。

Objective:To analyze the influencing factors of bone mineral density levels in medical examiners and to propose effective measures to prevent osteoporosis.Methods:The clinical data of eighty patients who underwent physical examination for bone density testing from June 2021 to June 2023 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.The basic information of patients was summarized and the main influencing factors of bone density level were analyzed according to the examination results.Results:The percentage of normal bone mass decreased with increasing age,and the percentage of normal bone mass was lower in those who underwent medical examinations at the ages of 60-69 and 70-80 than those who underwent medical examinations at the ages of 45-49(P<0.05);body mass index(BMI)levels of radial BMD and tibial BMD in patients at different stages compared to 28.1-32.2 kg/m2>22.1-28.0 kg/m2>16.0-22.0 kg/m2(P<0.05);comparison of patients'gender,whether they have been drinking alcohol/tea/coffee for a long time,whether they have been exercising regularly and whether they have been actively taking calcium supplements showed significant differences(P<0.05);gender,whether drinking alcohol/tea/coffee for a long period of time,regular exercise and active calcium supplementation are correlates of the occurrence of bone loss/osteoporosis in the population undergoing physical examination(P<0.05).Conclusion:The factors related to bone density level of medical check-ups mainly include gender,age,BMI,life and dietary habits,and whether to take the initiative to supplement calcium,etc.Considering one's own situation comprehensively and intervening effectively for the related factors,osteoporosis can be avoided or the severity of the disease can be controlled.