集体记忆的建构——基于新疆兵团军垦体育口述史的考察

Construction of Collective Memory:Based on the Oral History of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps

为探寻集体记忆的构建逻辑,洞察“小故事”与“大社会”之间的关联机制,遵循“故事—知识”的社会学研究传统,采用口述史访谈方法,结合文献资料和田野调查,对新疆兵团军垦体育的集体记忆进行考察,进一步勾勒出集体记忆“自下而上”实现“小故事与大社会”联结模型。个体基于我“动”故我在,实现身体在微观层面的自我确认,并基于价值信念对身体进行规训,在交往记忆中实现个体运动经验问题化,在中观层面积聚成群体意象,通过代表国家权力的专家系统进行认定,最终完成军垦集体记忆的建构。苦行的身体,家国同构的信仰与栖居的“记忆之场”共同促成集体记忆的建构。既有研究中,经验层面存在“时空在场”维度的忽视有可能导致文化阐释框架的毁坏而引起“记忆氛围”消失。由集体记忆理论进行对话来推进理论至经验研究的演绎进程,进一步丰富集体记忆研究的成果。

In order to explore the construction logic of collective memory,we can gain insight into the correlation mechanism between“small story”and“big society”.This paper follows the sociological research tradition of“story-knowledge”,mainly using the oral history interview method,combined with literature andfield investigation,to investigate the collective memory of military reclamation sports in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,and further outline the collective memory“bottom-up”to realize the“small stories and big society”connection model.Individual based on my“move”so I in,realized the body self at the micro level,and based on the value belief of the body,in the communication memory implementation individual movement experience,accumulation in the medium level into group image,on behalf of the state power expert system,finally complete the construction of army reclamation collective memory.The ascetic body,the belief of home and country and the“memoryfield”of dwelling together contribute to the construction of collective memory.In the existing researches,the neglect of the experience dimension may lead to the destruction of the cultural interpretation framework,the disappearance of the“memory atmosphere”and the danger of permanent transformation into a“place of memory”.This paper do a dialogue with the existing collective memory theory to promote the deductive process from theory to empirical research,and further enriches the results of collective memory research.